Crooked calf disease

Keeler, R.F. and Panter, K.E. (1989). Piperidine alkaloid composition and relation to crooked calf disease-inducing potential of Lupinus formosus. Teratology, 40, 423-432. 

Anagyrine Teratogenic, congenital malformations in calves ( crooked calf disease ) 329.341... 

Miscellaneous alkaloids Anabasine Teratogenic, crooked calf disease 35U52... 

A different matter is the toxicity of other alkaloids occurring in some lupin species like a-pyridone alkaloids, such as cytisine and anagyrine, or piperidine alkaloids, such as ammodendrine. All of them have a high toxicity, mainly teratogenicity [50]. In particular, anagyrine and ammodendrine are responsible of the so-called crooked calf disease. 

Historically, acute intoxication from lupin was a major cause of sheep death [51]. Ingestion of lupin by cattle was first reported to cause congenital birth defects in calf, called crooked calf disease, in the late 1950s. This disease was described as a condition in which calves were bom with some deformities such as scoliosis, arthrogryposis, torticollis, and cleft palate. 

Lee ST, Cook D, Panter KE, Gardner DR, Ralps MH, Motteram ES, Pfister JA, Gay CC (2007) Lupine induced crooked calf disease in Washington and Oregon identification of the alkaloid profiles in Lupinus sulphureus, Lupinus leucophyllus, and Lupinus sericeus. J Agric Food Chem 55 10649-10655... 

Critical fluid extraction, 1123 Crooked calf disease, 395 Crop diseases, 3976 Crop yield, 3865 Cross-linking of DNA, 370 Cross-talk, 2399 Cruciferous vegetables, 2676 Crude forskolin, 3330-3332 Cryptadine B, 1248 Cryptochrome 2, 1736 Cryptopleurine, 1455 Cryptorchidism, 2418 Cryptotanshinone, 2783 a-Cryptoxanthin, 3378 P-Cryptoxanthin, 3369, 4020 Crystallization, 3330, 3370 CS and T syndromes, 4067 CSC. See Cancer stem cell (CSC)... 

Lupinus species are acutely toxic to sheeps and chronically toxic to cattle. Calves are bom wi crooked calf disease," whidh is charac-teriiKd by torticoHb, soiliosis, twisted limbs, and deft palate. Cal may be bom alive and survive. 

Keeler, R. R, and Panter, K. E. 1989. Piperidine Alkaloid Composition and Relation to Crooked Calf Disease-Inducing Potential of Lupinus formosus. Teratology 40 423-432. 

Shupe, J. L., Binns, W, James, L. F., and Keeler, R. F. 1967. Lupine, a Cause of Crooked Calf Disease. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 43 1247-1253. 

---