Covalently bonded templates

D-Fructose Anthracene-boronic acid conjugate HEMA EDMA MeCN Using covalently bonded template new functional monomer fluorescent sensor [90]... 

Cholesteryl(4-vinyl) phenyl carbonate PVA water styrene EDMA or DVB AIBN dioctyl phthalate n-decane Using covalently bonded templates aqueous suspension polymerization [95]... 

Cholesteryl(4-vinyl) phenyl carbonate or phenyl(4-vinyl)phenyl carbonate Seed latex (MMA or MMA/EDMA or styrene or styrene/DVB) sodium lauryl sulfonate water peroxodisulfate Using covalently bonded templates core-shell emulsion polymerization [96]... 

Sterol (5-Methacryloylamino)boronophthalide DVB CHC13 Using covalently bonded templates protection for regioselective modification [101]... 

Diallyloxycarbonyl) benzophenone EDMA glycidyl methacrylate-EDMA copolymer (support polymer) benzene Using covalently bonded templates surface imprinting by photo-grafting polymeriza- [105]... 

Phenyl methacrylate or p-cumylphenyl methacrylate EDMA cyclohexanol+dodecanol Using covalently bonded templates [106]... 

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can be prepared according to a number of approaches that are different in the way the template is linked to the functional monomer and subsequently to the polymeric binding sites (Fig. 6-1). Thus, the template can be linked and subsequently recognized by virtually any combination of cleavable covalent bonds, metal ion co-ordination or noncovalent bonds. The first example of molecular imprinting of organic network polymers introduced by Wulff was based on a covalent attachment strategy i.e. covalent monomer-template, covalent polymer-template [12]. 

The interaction of the template with monomer and/or the propagating radical may involve solely Van der Waals forces or it may involve charge transfer complexation, hydrogen bonding, or ionic forces (Section 8.3.5.1). In other cases, the monomer is attached to the template through formal covalent bonds (Section 8.3.5.2). 

Few examples of covalent and non-covalent DCLs have been reported over the past few years, with only a small number of them making use of hydrogen-bonding templates. One of such examples is the barbiturate receptor 73 reported by... 

A scaled-up version of this central template-concentric sphere surface assembly approach has been demonstrated for the growth of multi-layer core-shell nano- and microparticles, based upon the repeated layer-by-layer deposition of linear polymers and silica nanoparticles onto a colloidal particle template (Figure 6.8) [60]. In this case, the regioselective chemistry occurs via electrostatic interactions, as opposed to the covalent bond formation of most of the examples in this chapter. The central colloidal seed particle dictates the final particle... 

Two different techniques have been developed for MIP production, namely the covalent and the non-covalent approaches. The covalent way is based on the chemical derivatization of the template with molecules containing polymerizable groups using reversible covalent bonds. Different chemical reactions can be ap-... 

The use of a p-vinylphenyl boronate as functional monomer to be covalently linked with a diol-template [2] is demonstrated in Fig. 2. Following polymerization in the presence of a cross-linker, the template has to be extracted from the polymer network. This requires breaking the covalent bond. During the application of covalently imprinted materials, the target molecules have to reform such bonds in order to be retained. Both making and breaking the bonds is at best a time-consuming process. 

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