Cough measurement

While there are symptomatic antitussives that can be prescribed, the efficacy of these is only currently being accurately surmised using validated methods of cough measurement. The results of very few controlled clinical trials of antitussives have been published so far, and these are now addressing some of the inadequacies of currently available antitussives. 

Narcotic Antitussives. Since its isolation in 1832, codeine [76-57-3] (27) has been one of the most widely used and effective compounds for the treatment of cough. Though less potent than morphine [57-27-2] (28), it has become the reference against which most antitussives are measured. 

Fhtients receiving a 3% or 5% NaCl solution by IV infusion are observed closely for signs of pulmonary edema (dyspnea, cough, restlessness, bradycardia). If any one or more of these symptoms should occur, the IV infusion is slowed to keep the vein open, and the primary health care provider is contacted immediately. Fhtients receiving NaCl by the IV route have their intake and output measured every 8 hours. The nurse observes the patient for signs of hypernatremia every 3 to 4 hours and contacts the primary health care provider if this condition is suspected. 

II Measurable but not life-threatening symptoms Cutaneous signs, hypotension, tachycardia Respiratory disturbance cough, difficulty to inflate... 

It is difficult to predict if a neurologically injured patient will successfully be extubated. Salam et alstudied 88 patients prospectively, measuring cough peak flow (CPF), endotracheal secretions, and the ability to complete four simple tasks prior to extubation. In patients who failed extubation, they had a lower CPF p = 0.03), higher amount of secretions (RR 3.0, 95% Cl 1.0-8.8), and diminished ability to complete the four simple tasks (RR 4.3, 95% Cl 1.8-10.4). 

The best means to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza is to prevent infection through vaccination. Appropriate infection control measures, such as hand hygiene, basic respiratory etiquette (cover your cough, throw tissues away), and contact avoidance, are also important in preventing the spread of influenza. 

Allow the plate to dry. Observe and measure Rf values, if possible, and identify the dyes in the cough syrups. 

Under normal conditions of exposure borates are primarily irritants of the skin and respiratory system. Workers exposed to anhydrous sodium tetraborate complained of nasal irritation, nose bleeds, cough, shortness of breath, and dermatitis. Exposure levels were not measured, but total dust levels were described as high enough to obscure visibility in production areas. In another study of borax workers, symptoms of acute respiratory irritation including dryness of the mouth, nose, or throat, cough, nosebleeds, and shortness of breath were related to exposures of 4mg/m or more. ... 

Exposure to aluminum is usually not harmful. Aluminum occurs naturally in many foods. Factory workers who breathe large amounts of aluminum dusts can have lung problems, such as coughing or changes that show up in chest X-rays. The use of breathing masks and controls on the levels of dust in factories have eliminated this problem. Some workers who breathe aluminum dusts or aluminum fumes have decreased performance in some tests that measure functions of the nervous system. Some people who have kidney disease store a lot of aluminum in their bodies. The kidney disease causes less aluminum to be removed from the body in the urine. Sometimes these people developed bone or brain diseases that doctors think were caused by the excess aluminum. Some studies show that people exposed to high levels of aluminum may develop Alzheimer s disease, but other studies have not found this to be true. We do not... 

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