Extraction cottonseed oil

Some health and safety standards that affect cottonseed oil extraction and processing are as follows ... 

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are essentially considered the same as the criteria pollutant ozone (119). n-Hexane and hexane isomers are VOCs. Most U.S. cottonseed oil extracting facilities would be major sources of VOCs and would be covered by the requirements for ozone emissions and attainment, unless they used a solvent that was not classified as a VOC (e.g., acetone). 

Dichloromethane or methylene chloride is an excellent solvent for oil extraction because of its low boiling point (39.8 °C), which makes desolventization of oil and meal easy. Furthermore, it is non-flammable and has low specific heat, latent heat of vaporization and low solubility of water. Utilization of dichloromethane for oil extraction was first demonstrated in the 1940s but the process was not economically feasible at the time because of the relatively high cost of dichloromethane. In 1986, the feasibility of cottonseed oil extraction by using dichloromethane was demonstrated at a pilot scale study (Johnson et ai, 1986). Residual oil content in the meal was lower than typically achieved with hexane extraction. Cottonseed meal produced during the process was suitable for use in poultry feed formulations, because gossypols present in cottonseed were extracted with oil and removed from meal. No residual aflatoxin was detected in alkali-refined oil. 

Local cytotoxicity of PAS-16 was shown to be nil (11) using protocols involving intramuscular implantation as described by Stetson and Guess (13). In addition standard U. S. Pharmacopeia tests (14) were performed showing no systemic toxicity or intracutaneous tissue reactions with saline or cottonseed oil extracts (11,12). 

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