Corrosive liquid, acidic, inorganic

Corrosive liquid, acidic, inorganic, n.o.s., see Regulatory Definitions... 

Probably the two most hazardous classes of chemicals that you will encounter in your early days in undergraduate laboratories are corrosives and flammable liquids. Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid and the most common bases are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide. Organic solvents are the most common flammable liquids and examples of these are acetone, methanol, hexane, toluene, ethyl acetate, and dioxane. 

Hydrofluoric acid — (HF) A solution of hydrogen fluoride in water. The pure hydrogen fluoride is characterized by Mw of 20.0063 gmol-1 m.p. -83.55 °C (1 atm) b.p. 19.5 °C (latm). When concentrated, this colorless fuming liquid is extremely corrosive and can dissolve almost all inorganic oxides such as silicate compounds or oxides of metals like stainless steel, aluminum, and uranium however, it can be stored in casted iron bottles because a corrosion-resistant iron fluoride layer protects the metal. It is used for several purposes such as the preparation of titanium oxide nano tube arrays [i], silicon nanoparticles [ii] and electrochemical etching of silicon [iii], electrochemical deposition of lithium [iv], etc. 

As mentioned in Chapter 8, many catalysts in homogeneous catalysis are liquid which are acids, bases or other ion-generating compounds. The corrosive nature of these catalysts and the reaction mixtures suggests the utility of inorganic membranes. Two major technical problems need to be solved. One is the immobilization or encapsulation... 

Inorganic membranes are inherently more stable than organic membranes at temperatures over 200°C and with various chemicals such as aggressive organic compounds and liquids with extreme pH values. Nevertheless, for applications in environments which call for long-term contact between corrosive chemicals (e.g. strong acids or bases, hot gases) the corrosion behaviour of the membrane components should be quantitatively known. 

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