Coronary heart disease fibrinogen

The effect of continuously administered low-dose 17-beta-estradiol (E2) + norethisterone acetate (NETA) on coagulation and fibrinolytic factors has been studied in 120 menopausal women, using two dosage variations (1 mg of E2 with 0.25 mg or 0.5 mg of NETA) compared with placebo over a year (53). In either dose, the combination significantly lowered plasma concentrations of factor VII, fibrinogen, antithrombin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) compared with placebo. These changes appear favorable, since they may lead to increased fibrinolytic activity and could reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. However, antithrombin activity was also reduced, which may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism. 

Danesh J, MBChb, Collins R, MBBS, Appleby P, Peto R. Association of fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, albumin, or leukocyte count with coronary heart disease Metaanalyses of prospective studies. JAMA. 1998, 279 1477-1482. 

Danesh J, Whincup P, Walker M et al. (2000). Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG litres and coronary heart disease prospective study and metaanalysis. British Medical Journal 321 208-213 Danesh J, Whincup P, Walker M (2003). Chlamydia pneumoniae IgA litres and coronary heart disease prospective study and meta-analysis. European Heart Journal 24 881 Danesh J, Lewington S, Thompson SG et al. (2005). Plasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and non-vascular mortality an individual participant meta-analysis. Journal of American Medical Association 294 1799-1809 Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/ Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Research Group (2003). 

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