Coral bleaching

Jones, RJ. and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. 1999. Effects of cyanide on coral photosynthesis implications for identifying the cause of coral bleaching and for assessing the environmental effects of cyanide fishing. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 177 83-91. 

Rosenberg, E. and Falkovitz, L., The Vibrio shiloi/Oculina patagonica model system of coral bleaching, Amu, Rev. Microbiol., 58, 143, 2004. 

Coral bleaching and decrease in spatial extent of optimal coral habitat. 

Increased coral bleaching — Most corals bleached Widespread coral mortality - -- -- -- --... 

Inhibition of cytochromes of electron transport system can be caused by cyanogenic glycosides, such as amygdalin (Fig. 11.14) in bitter almonds, Prunus amygdalus, linamarin and lotaustralin in clover and birdsfoot trefoil, or dhurrin (Fig. 11.14) in Sorghum vulgare. The potent effect of cyanide on cell respiration has given rise to a recent serious conservation problem. In Southeast Asia, divers stun fish on coral reefs with a blast of cyanide to collect them for the aquarium trade. In the process, many fish are killed and the corals bleached, because their symbionts die (e.g. Payne, 2001). 

What direct effects climate change will have on various aspects of nitrogen cycling on reefs including coral bleaching events and zooxantheUae expulsion, remains to be seen. The subsequent consequences for nitrogen conservation and nitrogen acquisition of the corals and other symbioses, on the reef will undoubtedly be affected as the balance between symbionts and host interaction is very sensitive to environmental conditions (Knowlton, 2001). 

Brown, B. E. (1997). Coral bleaching Causes and consequences. Coral Reefs. 16(Suppl 1), 129—138. 

Fine, M., and Loya, Y. (2002). Endolithic algae An alternative source of photoassimilates during coral bleaching. Proc. R. Soc. Land. B-Biol. Sci. 269(1497), 1205-1210. 

Hoegh-Guldberg, O. (1999). Climate change, coral bleaching, and the future of the world s coral reefs. Mar. Freshwater Res. 50, 839-866. 

Rougerie, F. (1999) Coral bleaching and ENSO anomaly was the past similar to the present Qatar Univ. Sci. /., 19, 77-99. 

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