Conventional Hard Template Synthesis Strategy

Over the past decade, mesoporous silicas including MCM-48, SBA-15,[20, 31, 34, 35] pj] 5[92] MSU-H have been widely explored as 

Interestingly, depending on the degree of pore filling of the carbon precursor into the hexagonal (P6mm symmetry) pore system of 

SBA-15, a relatively low concentration of carbon precursor furfuryl alcohol (25 vol%) and a carbonisation temperature higher than 750 °C. 

2 Other Ordered Mesoporous Silicas as Hard Template Other mesoporous silicas including MCM-41, HMS, MSU-1, MSU-H, SBA-1, SBA-7, SBA-12 and SBA-16 have also been explored as hard templates to fabricate mesoporous carbons. Mesoporous silica MCM-41, which has hexagonally ordered cylindrical one-dimensional pores, was found to be unsuitable as a template for mesoporous carbon as its use yielded disordered high surface area microporous carbon. This is due to the absence of complementary micropores within the MCM-41 silica walls. However, Tian et al. have successfully produced self-supported, ordered, ultrathin carbon nanowire arrays by employing the mesoporous silica MCM-41 as template.The carbon nanowire arrays exhibit high surface areas up to 1400 m g , large pore volumes of 1.1 cm g and uniform mesopore size of ca 2.2 nm. 

2 Colloidal Silica Particles and Silica Gels as Hard Template 

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