Contrast medium adverse effects

After an hour of incubation, the medium is replaced with Neurobasal culture medium. Add 2, 4, and 10 ml of Neurobasal culture medium to the 35, 60, and 100-mm plates, respectively. After 5 to 7 days in culture, the medium must be half-changed, that is, about half of the old medium is replaced with the same volume of fresh Neurobasal culture medium. Halfchange the medium every 5 to 7 days until the neurons are ready to use. For neurons younger than DIV (days in vitro) 7, if necessary, the medium can be completely replaced without affecting cell viability. In contrast to Brewer s protocol (Brewer et ai, 1993), we do not include 25 /iM glutamate during the first four days of culture and find no adverse effect on neurons. 

Although the authors suggested that this event was an adverse effect of the contrast medium, it is possible that the cardiac arrest in this patient was secondary to an acute coronary event independent of the contrast agent. 

A curious seasonal variation in the occurrence of late adverse skin reactions has been reported from Finland. In a study of a possible relationship between sun exposure and late reactions in 4,875 adults who had received an iodinated contrast medium, a 3-month (April to June) peak in the incidence of reactions was seen. This period included 35 % of all events and most of the reactions occurred on sun-exposed areas of the body, leading the authors to conclude that a possible explanation for the observations was the photosensitizing effect of the contrast media. 

In a comparison of the effects of iso-osmolar media and low-osmolar media on renal function in high-risk patients undergoing intravenous contrast medium-enhanced CT scanning, intravenous contrast media were unlikely to be associated with permanent adverse outcomes [13 ]. There were no significant effects of either iodixanol or iopro-mide on serum creatinine concentrations over the subsequent 3 days. Iodixanol... 

In contrast, the polyurethane dispersions used in the pigment coat are of medium hardness. A portion of the polyurethane dispersions may also be replaced by polyacrylate dispersions. These must not have an adverse effect on the cold flexing endurance and so the polyacrylate dispersions used must have a low glass transition temperature. The high rub-fastnesses are primarily achieved by the crosslinking of the top coat Useful crossHnkers include, for example, modified aliphatic polyisocyanates. The leathers are strongly embossed to conform the surface structure of the leathers to the interior styling of the car. 

Aldehyde purity can be of critical importance some of the reactions of fluorinated aldehydes are adversely affected by the presence of small amounts of precursor acid chloride or aldehyde hydrate. For example, some of the catalysts used for polymerization (vide infraf are effectively deactivated by small amounts (0.1-0.5%) of aldehyde hydrate. We have not examined medium effects in the silane/acid chloride reaction, but the high reactivity of the fluorinated aldehydes can lead to unexpected results. For example, fluorinated aldehydes and acid chlorides condense rapidly in THF to afford esters of the form RfC(0)0CHCIR f. In contrast, this reaction is very slow in CHCI3. Fortunately, esters of this type are usually not significant products under our preferred reduction conditions. The aldehydes described here are quite reactive and can undergo spontaneous... 

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