Contraction and energy

Helm, D., Hepburn, C., 2005. Carbon Contracts and Energy Policy An Outline Proposal. Oxford University mimeo, October. 

Popping S, Rose H, Ionescu I, Fisher Y, Hammermeier H. Effect of a hawthorn extract on contraction and energy turnover of isolated rat caridiomyocy tes. Arzneim Forsch 1995 45 1157-1160. 

In addition to forming the major components of bones and teeth, both Ca and P are involved with nerve conduction, muscular contraction and energy transfer. Since about 99% of the Ca, but only about 85% of the total P is present in the skeleton, the remainder of the human body contains about 6 times more phosphorus than calcium. 

Cerium, for which the sudden contraction and reduction in energy of the 4f orbitals immediately after La is not yet sufficient to avoid occupancy of the 5d orbital. 

Eisenberg, E. Hill, T.L. (1985). Muscle contraction and free energy transduction in biological systems. Science 227,999-1006. 

The ATP molecule is a universal energy carrier in the cell, and it is the principal one. It will sustain all reactions and processes requiring Gibbs energy active ion transport (ion pump operation), biosynthesis of proteins and other substances, muscle contraction, and so on. It is also employed for temporary energy storage in the cell. 

The enzyme creatine kinase (CK) facilitates the transfer of phosphate and energy to a molecule of ADP to form ATP. Stores of creatine phosphate are sufficient to sustain approximately 15 more seconds of muscle contraction. Because this is a single-step process, it provides ATP very rapidly and is the first pathway for formation of ATP to be accessed. 

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