Conjugated polymers doping

Conjugated polymers doped with C60 become p-type semiconductors [305,306] some LB films of two polyalkylthiophenes mixed with arachidic acid and doped with C60 have been prepared [307]. The films of polyalkylthiophene + arachidic acid -l- C60 (spread from mixtures of 1.0 0.33 0.1 ratio) on ITO glass had a well-defined layer structure, as confirmed by x-ray diffraction. The bilayer distance obtained from the Bragg equation was 5.6 nm, the same as for arachidic acid LB films. Since the films were spread on subphases containing... 

W Zhu, Y Mo, M Yuan, W Yang, and Y Cao, Highly efficient electrophosphorescent devices based on conjugated polymers doped with iridium complexes, Appl. Phys. Lett., 80 2045-2047, 2002. 

Mossbauer effect investigations carried out for doped conjugated polymers will be given. The last part of the chapter will be devoted to uv-vis-nir and Raman spectroelectrochemical studies of conjugated polymers doping. 

There is one common feature of all conjugated polymers doped with metal halide anions. Correctly prepared, non-degraded samples never absorb resonantly at room temperature. Good spectra can be... 

Mossbauer lattice temperatures calculated for conjugated polymers doped with selected metal halide anions are collected in Table 4.4. 

Table 4.4. Mossbauer lattice temperature of conjugated polymers doped with metal halide anions...

Since the discovery of the redox nature of conjugated polymers doping, various electrochemical techniques have been used, both to carry out the doping reaction and to characterize the doped polymer. 

Aniline was the first example of the conjugated polymers doped by proton, it can be chemically oxidized by ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS). PANI has the advantages of easy synthesis, low-cost, proton doping mechanism, and is controlled by both oxidation and protonation state. Polyanilines are commonly prepared by the chemical or electrochemical oxidative potymerization of the respective monomers in acidic solution. But, other potymerization techniques have also been developed, including ... 

The tunability of a Shottky diode based on a semiconductor/conjugated polymer (doped) interface has been explored electrochemically manipulating the work function of the conjugated polymer [66]. In the above case, the work function along with the charge carrier concentration and the nature of interface decide the LED characteristics. 

As it hcis been found by detailed studies the preparation procedures described in the previous section allow to obtain conjugated polymers doped by heteropolyanions of Keggin structure. 

Elemental analysis allowed to calculate the empirical formulae of the samples of conjugated polymers doped with heteropolyanions and to determine their doping level, y, defined as the number of moles of HPA per one mer of the polymer. Table 1 presents the results of these calculations. 

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