Congenital abnormalities resulting

Uncomplicated UTIs are not associated with structural or neurologic abnormalities that may interfere with the normal flow of urine or the voiding mechanism. Complicated UTIs are the result of a predisposing lesion of the urinary tract such as a congenital abnormality or distortion of the urinary tract, a stone, indwelling catheter, prostatic hypertrophy, obstruction, or neurologic deficit that interferes with the normal flow of urine and urinary tract defenses. 

Of considerable concern, was the scale of the disaster resulting from its protracted marketing, the manufacturer continuing to deny all evidence of a causal relationship between these congenital abnormalities and the drug. Worldwide, there were an estimated 10 000 babies with phocomelia and other allied deformities, including more than... 

In several epidemiological studies, no increased risk for congenital abnormalities, stillbirths, or spontaneous abortions was observed with occupational exposure to mercury. Exposure of pregnant rats on gestational days 10-15 at 0.5mg/m resulted in an increased incidence of resorptions gross cranial defects occurred at this dose when it was administered throughout the entire gestational period. "... 

Anderson D (2000) Does paternal exposure result in congenital abnormalities in offspring and a predisposition to cancer In Anderson D, Karakaya AE, Sram RJ ed. Human monitoring after environmental and occupational exposure to chemical and physical agents. Amsterdam, IOS Press, pp 151-160 (NATO Science Series). 

Artesunate and artemether were well tolerated and there was no drug-related adverse effect. Overall, 73 pregnancies resulted in live births, three in abortions and two in still-births five women were lost to follow-up before delivery. There was no congenital abnormality in any of the neonates, and the 46 children followed for more than 1 year all developed normally. 

Artemisinin derivatives have been studied in 461 pregnant women in a prospective cohort study in Thailand over 8 years (33). Oral artesunate monotherapy was associated with a treatment failure rate of 6.6%. Artesunate and artemether were well tolerated. The rates of abortions (including 44 first-trimester exposures), stillbirths, or congenital abnormalities were 4.8%, 1.58%, and 0.8% respectively, and were not significantly different from pregnant controls. These results are reassuring, but further information is needed before the safety of artesunate in pregnancy can be confirmed. 

In addition, FT4 and FT3 estimate methods are not reliable when used in patients with congenital TBG excess or deficiency. Patients with these conditions are clinically euthyroid, and their FT4 and FT3 concentrations are normal as determined by direct reference methods and two-step immunoassays. Index methods and one-step analogue immunoassays, however, yield abnormal results. For example, in the case of TBG excess, total serum concentrations of T4 and T3 are increased, and the THBR is low. However, the THBR is not linearly related to the free fraction of T4 or T3 at extremes of the free fraction range. Accordingly, the THBR cannot be reduced as much as the free fraction, and the calculated FT4 index is abnormally high. 

Vesicoureteral reflux represents a condition in which urine is forced up the ureters to the kidneys. Urinary reflux is associated not only with an increased incidence of UTIs and pyelonephritis but also with renal damage. Reflux may be the result of a congenital abnormality or, more commonly, bladder overdistension from obstruction. 

Praziquantel is considered safe in children >4 years of age, who probably tolerate the drug better than do adults. Low levels of the drug appear in breast mftk. High doses of praziquantel increase abortion rates in rats, but one study showed that treatment of pregnant women resulted in no significant differences between treated and untreated women in the rates of abortion or preterm dehv-eiies. No congenital abnormalities were noted by clinical examination in any of the babies born to either group. 

Teratogenesis This refers to congenital abnormalities which occur in the new-born as a result of damage to the genetic material or to the developing embryo. 

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