Confocal images/micrographs

The generic procedure for collecting either confocal Raman micrographs or IR images from a healing wound is shown in Fig. 15.10a. The wound is generated with a punch biopsy and the residual tissue is retained for spectroscopic examination. 

Confocal SERS microscopy combined with subsequent local scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is able to deliver valuable optical and chemical information on the location of SERS active spots. The method as to how to retrieve in the electron micrograph the active spots seen in the confocal images is explained. The spots were analyzed with respect to band position and spectral intensity. 

Figure 1.47 Confocal fluorescence micrographs of a Spathiphyllum pollen grain. The optical section sequence is from left to right and top to bottom. The bottom right image is obtained by 3D reconstruction. (Reproduced with permission from M. Muller, Introduction to Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy, 2nd ed., SPIE Press, Bellingham, Washington. 2006 Michiel Muller)...

As w ell as lateral heterogeneity in mixed protein layers, there is also the possibility of segregation of biopolymer components perpendicular to the interface, z.e., bilayer formation (Dickinson, 1995, 2009). Let us consider the case of an interface containing casein and whey protein in an emulsion system. The images in Figure 8.4 are confocal micrographs... 

Fig. 3. (A) Far-field confocal micrograph (35 pm x 35 pm) of a mica-supported DPPC monolayer showing LE-LC phase coexistence, deposited at a surface pressure of 9mN/m. (B) Atomic force micrograph of the film depicted in (A). Bright features denote topographically higher substructure of the film. (C) Near-held fluorescence image of the him shown in (A). (D) Near-held topology image collected simultaneously with the image depicted in (C). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [18]. Copyright 1998 Biophysical Society.

Fig. 15 Reprinted with permission from [103], copyright 2004 by the American Physical Society. Structure of a sheared suspension (diameter 1.42 pm) with strain amplitude /o = 0.38, frequency / = 30Hz and

Figure 4. Confocal laser scanning microimages of compression film from formulation II. The organization of the biopolymers were resolved by confocal fluorescence (excitation 484 nm, emission 520-580 nm), the PEO was defined by confocal reflection (633 nm). The micrograph was collected in stereo projection in extended focus images of 20-30 micrometer-thick slabs of the film. Field width,...

Figure 4. Confocal micrograph images ofTfMAA-coated QDs (a) alone (b) 5 min after addition of anti-TfmAb Panels (c) and (d) show images of a thioglycerol-coated QD alone and 45 min after addition of antibody, respectively.

Figure 3. DDV entry into neurons via BoNT/A receptor mediated endocytosis. Images in rows A and B were obtained from triplicate cultures exposed for 16 h under the following conditions (Al) DDV (200 nM) in the absence of rHC (A2) DDV (200 nM) and rHC (200 nM) (A3) DDV (200 nM) and rHC (600 nM) and (A4) DDV (200 nM) and rHC (2 pM) (Bl) DDV (200 nM) in the absence of BoNT/A (B2) DDV (200 nM) and BoNT/A (200 nM) (B3) DDV (200 nM) and BoNT/A (600 nM) and (B4) DDV (200 nM) and BoNT/A (2 pM). DDV and rHC or BoNT/A were added simultaneously. Note the progressive reductions in fluorescence with increasing concentrations of BoNT/A or rHC. Micrographs were obtained on a Bio-Rad 2000 laser microscope confocal microscope using a lOOx oil immersion objective. The fluorescence colors of labelled molecules are red-rHC green-OG488-dextran.

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