Condensed Matter Nuclear Science

Fleischmann, M. and Miles, M.H. (2006) The instrument function of isoperibolic calorimeters Excess enthalpy generation due to the parasitic reduction of oxygen, in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Proceedings 10th Intenuaiorud Conference on Cold Fusion (eds P.L. Hager-stein and S.R. Chubb), World Scientific, New Jersey, p. 247. 

Miles, M.H. and Hagelstein, P.L. (2012) New analysis of MIT calorimetric errors. The Journal of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, 8, 132-138. 

Iwamura, Y, Itoh, L, Sakano, M. et al. (2006) Low energy nuclear transmutation in condensed matter induced by Dj gas permeation through Pd complexes correlation between deuterium flux and nuclear products, in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (eds P. Hagelstein and S. Chubb), World Scientific, New Jersey, pp. 435 146. 

Cluster research is a very interdisciplinary activity. Teclmiques and concepts from several other fields have been applied to clusters, such as atomic and condensed matter physics, chemistry, materials science, surface science and even nuclear physics. Wlrile the dividing line between clusters and nanoparticles is by no means well defined, typically, nanoparticles refer to species which are passivated and made in bulk fonn. In contrast, clusters refer to unstable species which are made and studied in the gas phase. Research into the latter is discussed in the current chapter. 

Quantum Systems in Chemistry and Physics is a broad area of science in which scientists of different extractions and aims jointly place special emphasis on quantum theory. Several topics were presented in the sessions of the symposia, namely 1 Density matrices and density functionals 2 Electron correlation effects (many-body methods and configuration interactions) 3 Relativistic formulations 4 Valence theory (chemical bonds and bond breaking) 5 Nuclear motion (vibronic effects and flexible molecules) 6 Response theory (properties and spectra atoms and molecules in strong electric and magnetic fields) 7 Condensed matter (crystals, clusters, surfaces and interfaces) 8 Reactive collisions and chemical reactions, and 9 Computational chemistry and physics. 

The very first nuclear reactor built, where the main objective was to perform condensed matter research, was the High Flux Beam Reactor (HFBR) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY. The first self-sustaining chain reaction at the HFBR took place on Halloween, 1965. For over 30 years, the HFBR was one of the premier beam reactors in the world, matched only by the ILL reactor in Grenoble, France. These reactor-based sources have been a continuous and reliable source of thermal neutrons for research in a wide range of different scientific fields from physics, chemistry, materials science, and biology to engineering and isotope emichment. The instrumentation that is in place at these sources has seen steady improvement from the days when Nobel laureates, Brockhouse and Shull, performed their pioneering work at these facilities. 

Theoretical studies of the properties of the individual components of nanocat-alytic systems (including metal nanoclusters, finite or extended supporting substrates, and molecular reactants and products), and of their assemblies (that is, a metal cluster anchored to the surface of a solid support material with molecular reactants adsorbed on either the cluster, the support surface, or both), employ an arsenal of diverse theoretical methodologies and techniques for a recent perspective article about computations in materials science and condensed matter studies [254], These theoretical tools include quantum mechanical electronic structure calculations coupled with structural optimizations (that is, determination of equilibrium, ground state nuclear configurations), searches for reaction pathways and microscopic reaction mechanisms, ab initio investigations of the dynamics of adsorption and reactive processes, statistical mechanical techniques (quantum, semiclassical, and classical) for determination of reaction rates, and evaluation of probabilities for reactive encounters between adsorbed reactants using kinetic equation for multiparticle adsorption, surface diffusion, and collisions between mobile adsorbed species, as well as explorations of spatiotemporal distributions of reactants and products. 

Bikas K. Chakrabarti Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics Division, and Centre for Applied Mathematics Computational Science Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India. 

In this review, we have described the development and application of many-body Brillouin-Wigner methods for the molecular electronic structure problem. In our recent monograph [51], we suggest that such methods will have a broad range of applications in studies of the solid state, in condensed matter theory, in material science and in nuclear physics. In this final section, we shall concentrate on two areas of molecular electronic structure research for which many-body Brillouin-Wigner methodology shows promise. 

S.W. Lovesey Theory of Neutron Scattering from Condensed Matter, Vol. 1, Nuclear Scattering, Clarendon Press, 1984 R.J. Roe Methods of X-Ray and Neutron Scattering in Polymer Science, Oxford University Press, 2000... 

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