Concurrent modeling

Figure 5.6 Sequential versus concurrent model for product development (Maylor, 1996)...

MODEL.LA. maintains concurrent models of the same process at the same level of abstraction using the notion of context (see also Section... 

Lessons Learned from Concurrently Modeling and Realizing... 

Concurrent modeling in the form of group work of engineers is the advanced style of engineering. The assembly and its individual parts are developed concurrently, in an integrated process. Parts are modeled in an assembly context with user-controlled associativity. At the same time, part related specifications can be managed independently from assembly related specifications. The shape description of a part can be reused in other parts. Splitting a... 

The concurrency model promoted by the Ravenscar Profile is consistent with the use of tools that allow the static properties of programs to be verified. Potential verification techniques include information flow analysis, schedulability analysis, execution-order analysis and model checking. 

Testing of cured adhesives in the bulk state has become more widespread because of increasing use of adhesives in engineered structures. Concurrently, modelling of adhesive joints has become more commonplace, and for such work, measurement of the bulk mechanical and solid fracture properties in a variety of modes is essential. Developers of adhesives are also increasingly aware that testing of cured adhesives in the bulk state can provide information relevant to their performance in bonded joints. 

Figure 2. Two models of decomposition. The one on the left is the standard subprocedure model where control is tranrferred to the subroutine and then returned when the subroutine completes. The one on the right is the more powerful model of communicating sequential processes. The main procedure spawn a co-routine with which it communicates when necessary while allowing parallel activity. The concurrent model is critical for interface specification. ...

In order to concurrently model both reliability and capacity constraints of the gas transmission... 

In addition, a server can use three different concurrency models reactive, thread-per-connection and thread-pool. 

Orejas, F., Boronat, A., Ehrig, H., Hermann, F., Scholzel, H. On propagation-based concurrent model synchronization. ECEASST 57 (2013)... 

Uncertainty, on the other hand, denotes the nondeterminism due to limited accuracy of models used to characterize the structural response. This lack of accuracy can be caused by inherent limitations of the model when representing the phenomena it is meant to capture (including issues such as model resolution). Also, it can be caused by limited data availability for model calibration. Another type of nondeterminism described by the term uncertainty is the subjective variability associated with the process of selecting a model from a set of concurrent models involving different experts. This source of uncertainty is particularly pronounced in probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. 

The alternative to the hierarchical modeling is known as concurrent modeling and consists of combining different numerical models that simultaneously describe different sub-domains. Each numerical model runs in its sub-domain and exchanges information with its parent/child sub-domain at defined boundaries. The critical issue here is to define the criteria and protocols in order to automate the application of more detailed numerical models in a simulation domain in time and realizing the so-called temporal multi-scale calculations or/ and space referred as spatial multi-scale ones. 

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