Concentration during and after

Fig. 2 Blood nicotine concentrations during and after cigarette smoking for 9 min, oral snuff (2.5 g), chewing tobacco (average 7.9 g), and nicotine gum (two 2-mg pieces). Average values for 10 subjects ( SEM). Reprinted from Benowitz et al. (1988) with permission from American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics...

Higuchi H, Adachi Y, Wada H, Kanno M, Satoh T. Comparison of plasma alpha glutathione S-transferase concentrations during and after low-flow sevoflurane or isoflurane anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2001 45(10) 1226-9. 

Blom, P. C., Vollestad, N. K., and Costill, D. L. (1986). Factors affecting changes in muscle glycogen concentration during and after prolonged exercise. Acta Physiol., Suppl. 128(556), 67-74. 

Table 10.3 and Figs 10.17 and 10.18 show plasma concentrations during and after the infusion... 

Table 10.3 Plasma infusion of a drug at a for 12h concentrations during and after constant infusion rate of 40 mg h ...

Soapless seeded emulsion copolymerization has been proposed as an alternative method for the preparation of uniform copolymer microspheres in the submicron-size range [115-117]. In this process, a small part of the total monomer-comonomer mixture is added into the water phase to start the copolymerization with a lower monomer phase-water ratio relative to the conventional direct process to prevent the coagulation and monodispersity defects. The functional comonomer concentration in the monomer-comonomer mixture is also kept below 10% (by mole). The water phase including the initiator is kept at the polymerization temperature during and after the addition of initial monomer mixture. The nucleation takes place by the precipitation of copolymer macromolecules, and initially formed copolymer nuclei collide and form larger particles. After particle formation with the initial lower organic phase-water ratio, an oligomer initiated in the continuous phase is... 

It is important to note that there may be at least two reasons for obtaining deviations from a purely exponential behavior for a PMC transient. These are a too high excess carrier generation, which may cause interfacial rate constants that are dependent on carrier concentration, and an interfacial band bending AU, which changes during and after the flash. For fast charge transfer, a more complicated differential equation has to be solved. 

Run a set of standards of four or more concentration levels covering the expected range of residues. Generate a calibration curve for each analyte and obtain a linear regression with a correlation coefficient of at least 0.90 for each analyte. Do not use any sample run data if the combined regression for the standards run immediately before, during and after the samples does not meet this criterion. 

Ohzawa et al [114] studied the absorption, distribution, and excretion of 14C miconazole in male rats during and after consecutive oral administration at a dose of 10 mg/kg once a day for 15 days. During consecutive administration, the plasma concentration of radioactivity reached the steady state on day 4 and was 0.48 approximately 0.52 pg eq./mL at 24 h after each dose. After the final dose, the plasma concentration of radioactivity reached the maximum level of 1.67 pg eq./ mL at 7.5 h and declined with a half-life of about 18.68 h. The area under the curve 24 h was 28.3 pg h/mL, which is close to the area under the curve O-oo of a single oral dose. 

Run the simulation under the following conditions (a) Dry conditions time 0 to day 2, (b) spraying day 2 to day 5 and (c) rain day 8 to day 13. See how the concentrations of adsorbed and unadsorbed solute vary with time and depth. Vary the time of spraying to before, during and after rainfall. 

The time-course of the metabolism of inhaled n-hexane in a group of 19 volunteers has been estimated by determining serum 2,5-hexanedione during and after a 15.5-minute exposure to 60 ppm n-hexane (van Engelen et al. 1997). The time to reach the peak concentration varied from 16.2 to 19.8 minutes after the... 

We report spectroscopic and conductimetric studies on the reactions of styrene in the presence of perchloric acid (most in methylene dichloride but some in ethylene dichloride), both during and after the polymerisation. During polymerisation no ions are detectable, but at the end aralkyl (and subsequently allylic) ions are formed. Quantitative results show that ion formation sets in when the styrene concentration has fallen to four times the acid concentration we interpret this finding as showing that the ester (oligo-)styryl perchlorate requires four molecules of styrene for stabilisation in solution. 

In order to study the variation of the concentration of ions during and after polymerisation, we scanned the solutions at 424 mp. against time. We found that, in addition to the SD ions, several other species giving peaks in the visible were formed at the end of the polymerisation. Therefore the kinetic study on the formation of the SD ions had to be supplemented by repeated scannings of the full visible and UV spectra. Some of the experiments carried out in the spectroscopic device were repeated in the conductivity cell. In view of the rather complicated behaviour of the system after the end of the polymerisation, we shall first give a chronological account of the phenomena, and then discuss their quantitative aspects. Figure 1 illustrates the different phases of the reaction from a spectroscopic point of view. 

They also showed that during, but not after, the polymerisation, the acid cannot be distilled out of the reaction mixture. This supports our view of ester formation, and release of acid during the ionogenic reactions following the polymerisations. They also showed very clearly the rise and fall of the concentration of unsaturated endgroups during and after polymerisation. 

In this study, synthetic aqueous solutions of phenol were treated with ozone. The reaction of ozone with phenol was investigated at several conditions, such as different phenol and ozone concentrations, and contact times. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and UV analysis of the aromatic by-products formed during and after the ozonation reaction were employed. The reaction rates calculated from TOC analysis were investigated. 

Bond EJ, Dumas T. 1987. Concentrations of methyl bromide inside flour mills and in the atmosphere around the mills during and after fumigation. Proc Entomol Soc Ont 118 1-6. 

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