Kondo concentrated

It has been shown that fish oil can not only suppress proinflammatory mediators but also can increase the anti-inflammatory ones such as adiponectin (Duda et al., 2009 Kalupahana et al., 2010b). Increased adipo-nectin levels can reduce inflammation and beneficially improve the metabolism. Specifically, the increased levels of adiponectin can significantly reduce the insulin resistance. Oster et al. (2010) showed that DHA increases cellular adiponectin mRNA and secreted adiponectin protein in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, possibly by a mechanism involving PPARy. A recent dietary intervention study conducted on healthy Japanese female subjects by Kondo et al. (2010) showed that a fish-based diet intervention increased the serum adiponectin concentration in young, nonobese, healthy Japanese female subjects. Also, the same study indicated that the increment in serum -3 PUFA may regulate the serum adiponectin concentration (Kondo et al., 2010). 

Kondo-like resistivities can also be observed in concentrated Kondo compounds. Typical examples are CeAlj (Buschow et al. 1971), CeAl2 (Buschow et al. 1969), CeCu2Si2, (Steglich et al. 1985) and CeSnj (Gschneidner et al. 1985). A characteristic property is the low-temperature specific heat or its y-value, y = CIT, which has very large values of the order of 1 J Mol K (see table 5). This large value for y, expressed in electron density of states or effective masses m Im (of the order of 200) have led to the name of heavy-fermion compounds (Stewart 1984). 

Thermal conductivity of systems with heavy fermions, intermediate valency of lanthanide ions, dilute and concentrated Kondo lattices... 

The theoretical dependence p T) has been obtained by Coornut and Coqblin (1972) for compounds with concentrated Kondo lattices and carrier scattering by disordered spins (pspd)> taking into account the crystal field effect. According to this calculation the temperature dependence P5pd(ln T) could be divided into two regions separated by a maximum at a temperature approximately equal to the value of the splitting by the crystal field. 

CeAl2 is a prototype of materials with concentrated Kondo lattices. For Tn > 3.8 K (the paramagnetic region) strong scattering of carriers by disordered spins is observed... 

Fig. 39. Schematic shape of the electron band structure (a, b, c) and p(T) (a, b, c ) for metals with Kondo impurities (a, a ), concentrated Kondo systems (including systems with heavy fermions) at T < (b, b ) and for compounds...

Cerium and uranium materials related to concentrated Kondo lattice systems for which the thermal... 

The experimental results can satisfactorily be explained by invoking the Kondo effect with a critical temperature of T 30 K. This implies that the moment originating from the F, levels is partially quenched by the conduction electrons. A similar explanation has been proposed by Barbara et al. (1977) for the well established concentrated Kondo system CeAl2 at ambient pressure to explain the reduction of ordered moment. 

For concentrated Kondo systems orbitally driven anisotropic hybridization of the f electrons with conduction electrons is crucial (Cooper et al. 1988, Levy and Zhang 1989). The anisotropic part of the mixing interaction causes a substructure within the rather narrow f band, which leads to crystal-field effects even in highly itinerant-electron systems. On account of this crystal-field dressing a localized 5f electron in NpSnj might develop. 

NpSn3 also has an enhanced value of y % 240mJ/(K mol) in the paramagnetic regime. Mossbauer spectroscopic results on this material, particularly under high pressure, have been discussed in section 5.3. Localized behavior was found under volume reduction and the results had been discussed in analogy to CeAl2, which classifies NpSnj as a concentrated Kondo system. 

Nagasawa, S., M. Kondo, and M. Kasuya. 1981. Concentration of PCP inhibiting the development of roots at the early growth stage of rice and the difference of susceptibilities in varieties. Bull. Fac. Agric. Shimane Univ. 15 101-108 (in Japanese, English summary). 

Kimata A, Kondo T, Ueyama J, Yamamoto K, Kamijima M, Inoue T, Ito Y, Hamajima N (2009) Relationship between dietary habits and urinary concentrations of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid in a middle-aged and elderly general population in Japan. Environ Health Prev Med 14 173-179... 

Now, when these two species are added to each other, in a given relative concentration, a new species appears with a much narrower size distribution. This is shown in Figure 10.18, where the P-index (a measure of the polydispersity) is plotted against the molar fraction of DDAB. The P-index drops from the initial value of 0.20 (a very broad distribution) to 0.04, a very narrow distribution (stable for months), at a relative percent of 0.4 DDAB to 0.6 oleate (Thomas and Luisi, 2004). Between DDAB molar fractions of 0.41 and 0.60, flocculation occurs, which indicates a thermodynamic instability, in agreement with other cationic systems (Kaler etal., 1989 Marques etal., 1998 Kondo etal, 1995). 

Kondo, K., Morino, K., Nishio, Y., Kondo, M., Fuke, T., Ugi, S., Iwakawa, H., Kashiwagi, A., and Maegawa, H. (2010). Effects of a fish-based diet on the serum adiponectin concentration in young, non-obese, healthy Japanese subjects. ]. Atheroscler. Thromb. 17, 628-637. 

The disappearance of antiferromagnetic order in U(Pt xPdx)3 for x a 0.1 coincides with the appearance of Kondo behaviour in the resistivity. This is illustrated in fig. 9, where for the concentration range 0.00 resistivity curves are displayed in the temperature range below 50 K.[l 1] For x=0, i.e. pure UPt3, the data in the lowest temperature interval can be represented by ... 

Trx and Grx being the key redox sensors, their functions are modulated by ROS. While at a lower dose, ROS can induce their expression, thereby eliciting an adaptive response massive generation of ROS inactivates these proteins by posttranslational modifications (Kondo et al. 2006). In heart failure patients, a significant correlation between the serum concentration of Trx-1 and the severity of the disease has also been documented (Jekell et al. 2004). The increased Trx-1 activity is likely to be due to the adaptive response during the failure to compensate for the increased ROS activities. 

Mihara K, Suzuki A, Kondo T, Yasui N, Furukori H, Nagashima U, Otani K, Kaneko S, Inoue Y. Effects of the CYP2D6 10 allele on the steady-state plasma concentrations of haloperidol and reduced haloperidol in Japanese patients with schizophrenia. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999 65(3) 291 1. 

Baba, S., Natsume, M., Yasuda, A., Nakamura, Y., Tamura, T., Osakabe, N., Kanegae, M., Kondo, K. (2007a). Plasma LDL and HDL cholesterol and oxidized LDL concentrations are altered in normo- and hypercholesterolemic humans after intake of different levels of cocoa powder. J. Nutr., 137, 1436-1441. 

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