Computer programming absolute differences

Here is an equation for relative humidity (RH) and a short BASIC computer program that enhances its value. The average difference between the equation and actual values runs only 0.33 percentage points and the highest absolute difference seen in comparisons w as 2 percentage points. 

In the Matlab programs, every single absolute difference between known and computed total component concentrations defines the termination criterion. In Excel, the Solver termination criterion is the sum of all the absolute... 

The advantage of this latter way to calculate E is that it does not involve c which may be difficult to measure accurately. As opposed to ee and ee which are relative quantities measured for inst in the same chromatogram, c is an absolute quantity. The most accurate way, however, is to use a computer program to fit many measured data points at several conversions to calculated curves for different E-values. 

Using attributes and their values to identify objects and systems is very powerful and is absolutely necessary when developing computer programs for engineering design. Also, an attribute-based approach is used by patent offices in many countries. In this case, each patent claim represents a different feature of an invention—a different symbolic attribute of a given invention. 

Konno and Yamazaki (1991) proposed a large-scale portfolio optimization model based on mean-absolute deviation (MAD). This serves as an alternative measure of risk to the standard Markowitz s MV approach, which models risk by the variance of the rate of return of a portfolio, leading to a nonlinear convex quadratic programming (QP) problem. Although both measures are almost equivalent from a mathematical point-of-view, they are substantially different computationally in a few perspectives, as highlighted by Konno and Wijayanayake (2002) and Konno and Koshizuka (2005). In practice, MAD is used due to its computationally-attractive linear property. 

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