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Computational tools for simulating flow processe

CHAPTER 8 COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS FOR SIMULATING FLOW PROCESSES... [Pg.230]

Finally, we cannot overlook the development of computational tools for the solution of problems in fluid mechanics and transport processes. Methods of increasing sophistication have been developed that now enable quantitative solutions of some of the most complicated and vexing problems at least over limited parameter regimes, including direct numerical simulation of turbulent flows so-called free-boundary problems that typically involve large interface or boundary deformations induced by flow and methods to solve flow problems for complex fluids, which are typically characterized by viscoelastic constitutive equations and complicated flow behavior. [Pg.2]

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is the numerical analysis of systems involving transport processes and solution by computer simulation. An early application of CFD (FLUENT) to predict flow within cooling crystallizers was made by Brown and Boysan (1987). Elementary equations that describe the conservation of mass, momentum and energy for fluid flow or heat transfer are solved for a number of sub regions of the flow field (Versteeg and Malalase-kera, 1995). Various commercial concerns provide ready-to-use CFD codes to perform this task and usually offer a choice of solution methods, model equations (for example turbulence models of turbulent flow) and visualization tools, as reviewed by Zauner (1999) below. [Pg.47]

The mathematical modeling of nonideal catalytic reactors would require reactive CFD simulations. Deutschmann (2001) developed models and tools for the numerical simulation of heterogeneous reactive flows, in which all physical and chemical processes are described in as much detail as possible. However, this approach requires a massive computational effort, because of the broad time and space scales, as well as the presence of reactive species during the gas phase and adsorbed on the active sites. This may make it impossible in practice to simulate those reactors within an acceptable computational time. [Pg.175]

Microscale flow visualization has become an important tool for characterizing the performance of microchannels, micromixers and microreactors. Due to the rapid improvement in computer power and the great efforts in optical instrumentation, new measuring systems with high spatial and temporal resolution are available even for smaller companies and research institutes. In connection with the recent success in numerical simulation of microscale flow, a signiflcant acceleration in clariflcation of microscale phenomena and technical development can be expected. By ensuring the development of reliable systems, microscale flow visualization will provide an important contribution to the further spread of micro process engineering applications in the chemical and biochemical industries. [Pg.116]

The applicability of model <23> as formulated here with consideration of gas flow and pressure variations has been demonstrated by Deckwer [34] for absorption and hydration of isobutene in sulfuric acid and by Deckwer et a1. [35, 36] for CO2 mass transfer. The physical absorption of CO2 in water proved to be a very useful tool to simulate conditions which often prevail in chemical processes, i.e. large amounts of gas are absorbed in a liquid under drastic changes of gas volume flow. As an example Fig. 11 shows CO2 gas phase profiles measured in a BC of 20 cm diameter and 7.2 m height. As shown in Fig. 11, the profiles computed on the basis of model <23> excellently describe the measured data. It is understood that... [Pg.439]


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