Pills compressed

Some antacids come in the form of a compressed pill, while others are in the form of loose powder. Which form would give faster relief for heartburn considering that they contained the same ingredients and were taken in equal amounts ... 

The use of compressed pills, as they were then known, increased rapidly. It is likely that the term tablet for this dosage form was first used in the United States in the 1870s. Power-driven presses replaced Brockedon s hammer, and by 1874 there existed both rotary and excentric presses, which in their mode of operation were fundamentally similar to those in use at the present time. The tablet lent itself to mass manufacture by mechanical means, in contrast to the slower labour-intensive production of older solid dosage forms such as the pill. It is impractical for individual pharmacists to produce small quantities... 

Ch. Charter (USA) US Patent 207013, improvement in coated, compressed pills, lozenges, etc. 

If a material is subjected to very high compaction forces, it may be formed into sheets, briquettes or tablets. In the tableting machines used for producing pills of pharmaceuticals, the powder is compressed into dies, either with or without the addition of a binder. 

Tablet Compressed herb material in pill form...

Morrison (31), using sintered zinc oxide, applied a different technique to study the conductivity effects in the range between room temperature and 500°C. He studied the variation in conductance as a function of time with the temperature held constant. Figure 3 shows one such conductivity-time experiment. The sample used was a slab of zinc oxide cut from a pill which had been compressed and sintered in air for eighteen hours at 1000°C. The sample was immersed in oil (the oil does not penetrate into the pores of the sample) at the start of the run. The sample container was immersed in boiling water, the temperature reaching 100 C in the order of one-half of a minute. The conductance was recorded as a function of time while the sample was held at 100°C. The results are shown in Fig. 3. The inverse of the Hall voltage is also plotted as a function of time. An interpretation of the Hall measurement is discussed in Section III. 

Since much of the following statistical mechanical analysis follows the outlines developed above for dipole—dipole energy transfer and is similar to electron tunnelling (recently reviewed by Rice and Pilling [39]), the following discussion has been compressed a little. 

The pharmaceutical industry has been using lactose for many years because its properties that aid flow characteristics and tablet or pill formation. The drug is distributed uniformly in lactose powder, which is easily molded or compressed into tablets. These have good dispers-... 

The street versions of fentanyl are ingested in the same ways as heroin. It is usually sold in a powder form and either smoked, snorted, or injected into a vein. Since fentanyl is water-soluble, the powder form can be cold-stirred into a solution and does not need to be boiled like other opioids. However, injection is the most common method used for ingestion on the street. It is so much more potent than heroin that in many of the overdose deaths, the user is found with the needle still in an arm, in some instances with plunger not fully compressed. Some of the designer fentanyl today is made into pill form, but in this form of ingestion, more time elapses before the user feels its effects. 

Preheating is usually carried out at 150 to 300F (66 to 149C) followed by quick transfer to a mold cavity. The actual heat depends on the material, the heater capability, and the speed of transfer. Circular preforms are normally used with dielectric heaters so they can be rotated to obtain uniform heating. Pills of compressed compound are used to produce preforms to facilitate handling, reduce the bulk factor in the cavity, and control the uniformity of charges for mold loading. Preforms can also be the shape of the mold cavity. 

Cumene Cracking Experiments. The cumene cracking studies were done in a manner similar to that reported by Richardson (15), The faujasites were compressed into pills which were cracked, and a 28-35 mesh fraction was isolated. A 300-mg portion was first calcined at an elevated temperature. This generally involved a 16-hour treatment in air at 538°C. Other calcination conditions are as noted. The catalyst was then transferred under nitrogen to a nominal 1/4-inch stainless steel, 20-gage tubular reactor which was placed in a constant-temperature fluidized sandbath. After equilibration with helium carrier gas, the cumene was introduced to the reactor by permitting the carrier gas to... 

Pellet or pill formation is illustrated in Fig. 6.25. The process is essentially powder compression in a pelleting press. Powder is poured into a... 

The ratio of the volume of loose PARTICULATE matter in a DIE to the volume of the COMPACT made from it. Synonymous with PILL RATIO. In LOW and MEDIUM PRESSURE EXTRUDERS, the total thickness of material that is under COMPRESSION in a DIE (including any inlet chamfer) divided by the nominal hole diameter. Development of special characteristics of PARTICULATE solids by, for example, treatment with steam, kneading, heating, or surface treatment by, for example, ANTICAKING AGENTS. 

Equipment for the manufacture of pills, compressed tablets and hypodermic tablets. 

If the Pilling-Bedworth ratio is less than 1 the oxide cannot cover the metal completely and the oxide film has an open or porous structure. Oxidation takes place continuously, and the oxidation kinetics tend to be linear. This type of behaviour is found for the alkali and alkaline earth metals. In the rare cases where the PiUing-Bedworth ratio is equal to 1, a closed layer can form which is stress-firee. When the Pilling-Bedworth ratio is greater than 1, a closed layer forms with a certain amount of internal compressive stress present. 

The adherent oxide scale also protects the metal smface from erosion. A general indicator of the protectiveness of the oxide scale is given by the Pilling-Bedworth ratio (PBR), which is defined by the volume ratio of oxide formed to metal consumed. The scale becomes fully protective when PBR 1. PBR 1 means that the oxide is porous and, consequently, loses any protective properties. PBR > 1 means that the oxide scale is highly compressed, thus resulting in buckling and spallation [18]. 

It must be pointed out that a fluid powder has a higher surface than a paste and will disperse more easily in the release medium. A paste seems to be the best form to obtain a maximum sustained release effect. However, as a powder is easier to handle than a paste, and as the studied form is an intermediate form to obtain that will be titled in capsules or compressed to obtain tablets or pills, the fluid powder was prepared and studied. 

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