Compounds anhydrous chlorides

Inorg anic Compounds. Hydrogen chloride reacts with inorganic compounds by either heterolytic or homolytic fission of the H—Cl bond. However, anhydrous HCl has high kinetic barriers to either type of fission and hence, this material is relatively inert. 

Aluminum Halides. AH the halogens form covalent aluminum compounds having the formula AIX. The commercially most important are the anhydrous chloride and fluoride, and aluminum chloride hexahydrate. 

A1C13-6H20, the chloride salt of Al(H20)63+, is prepared by dissolving alumina in concentrated hydrochloric acid. It is used as a deodorant and antiperspirant, one of its roles being to kill the bacteria that feed on perspiration and convert it into unpleasant-smelling compounds. Unlike most other hydrates, the hexahydrate does not form the anhydrous chloride when it is heated. The Al—O bonds are too strong to be replaced by Al—Cl bonds, so instead, heating produces the oxide ... 

Haloaromatic compounds. Aryl chlorides are obtained by heating aryl chloroformates with AICI3 at 200°. For the preparation of the fluorides the chloroformates are treated with excess anhydrous HF (liquid-phase fluorination-decarboxylation). 

AMMONIA GAS (7664-41-7) Anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid. Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic, hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides, nitrates, oxides). Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, amides, antimony, boron, boron halides. 

In the technical preparation of acetyl chloride sulphuryl chloride, SO2CI2, is used instead of the chlorides of phosphorus, on account of the cheapness of the sulphur compound. Acetyl chloride is prepared by passing a mixture of chlorine and sulphur dioxide over anhydrous sodium acetate. In the presence of the salt sulphuryl chloride is first formed. 

Beryllium Sulphide.—Wohler (1828 2) supposed he had made a sulphide by heating the metal with sulphur, but Fremy (1853 1) states that it was the only sulphide he could not produce by I>assing the vapor of carbon disulphide over the hot oxide. De-bray (1855 i) and Nilson and Pettersson (1873 3) state that beryllium and sulphur do not combine when heated together. Berzelius (1826 2) supposed he produced a double sulphide of bci yllium and tungsten, but his results lack confirmation. Lebeau (1899 ii) at last made the sulphide by heating the anhydrous chloride and iodide with. sulphur or with hydrc en sulphide. Also by the action of sulphim vapor on the carbide at a high temperature, lire. sulphide is a white solid, immediately decomposed by water. No other details are given nor further study of this compound been made. 

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