Compounds and alloys

K. L. Komarek, ed.. Hafnium Physico-Chemical Properties of Its Compounds andEUhys, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vieima, 1981, pp. 11,13,14, 16. Covers tbermocbemical properties, phase diagrams, crystal stmcture, and density data on hafnium, hafnium compounds, and alloys. 

M. H. Rand, in G. Kubaschewski, ed., Plutonium Physicochemical Properties of its Compounds and Alloys, Atomic Energy Review, Vol. 4, Special Issue No. 1, IAEA, Vienna, Austria, 1966. 

O. Kubaschewski, ed.. Zirconium Physico-Chemical Properties of its Compound and Alloys, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vieima, 1976, p. 8. 

Rand, M.H. in "Plutonium Physico-Chemical Properties of Its Compounds and Alloys" Atomic Energy Review 1966, , Special Issue n° 1, I.A.E.A. Vienna, p. 7. 

G. V. Samsonov, L. Ya. Markovski, A. F. Zhigach, M. G. Valyashko, Boron, Its Compounds and Alloys. (Engl. Transl.), Office of Technical Services, Department of Commerce, Washington, DC, 1962. 

Figure 7. Dependence of the kinetic energy of the Ag M4VV Auger-transition on BE of the Ag 3ds/2 core level during ion bombardment of the Ag islands. The characteristic energies of certain silver compounds and alloys are also shown for comparison. (Data compiled from Ref [163].)...

Kistner et al. [109] were the first to observe the Mossbauer effect in Ru. Kistner also reported the Mossbauer spectroscopy study of ruthenium compounds and alloys [110]. 

Table 7.10 Ir Mossbauer effect studies on various iridium compounds and alloys...

Nearly aU Mossbauer measurements on iridium compounds and alloys have been carried out with the Ir (73 keV) and not with the lr (129 keV) transition, though R.L. Mossbauer originally discovered the nuclear resonance phenomenon with the latter nuchde. An overview of noteworthy pubhcations, which were published after 1978, when the first edition of this book appeared, is collected in Table 7.10. 

Crystals of high purity metals are very soft, while high purity diamond crystals are very hard. Why are they different What features of the atomic (molecular) structures of materials determine how hard any particular crystal, or aggregate of crystals, is Not only are crystals of the chemical elements to be considered, but also compounds and alloys. Glasses can also be quite hard. Is it for similar reasons What about polymeric materials ... 

Brewer, L. (ed.). 1980. Molybdenum Physico-Chemical Properties of Its Compounds and Alloys. Atom. Ener. Rev. Spec, issue No. 7. 714 pp. Avail, from UNIPUB, 345 Park Ave. S., New York. 10010. 

Enthalpies of formation of metallic compounds and alloys can also be determined directly through reactions such as [60] ... 

Freshwater media based on the OECD 203 ecotoxicity testing medium for fish and daphnia have been used in all T/DP testing of metals, metal compounds and alloys in the pH range 6-8.5 to date. However, the composition of a marine medium is also given in the T/DP section of the GHS, and by implication, a method for marine T/D testing is open for development and validation. While not currently required for REACH dossiers, T/D data in marine media and attendant classification proposals may be required in the future for marine shipping. 

This is an on-going project aimed at examining the T/D characteristics of metals and alloys in a marine medium in seven- and twenty eight-day tests. The data obtained to date on seven-day tests of cuprous oxide (Cu20) and nickel metal powder (Ni) provides useful comparisons with those reported earlier for the freshwater OECD 203-based media at pH 6 and 8 (Skeaff Hardy 2005) and insight into the behaviour of metal-bearing substances used in commerce under marine conditions of the T/DP. The data supports an approach directed to the eventual adaptation, validation and application of the OECD T/DP to marine systems for the purposes of marine hazard classification of metals, metal compounds and alloys. 

We may mention the activity of several institutions and bodies such as IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna) which, in special issues of its Atomic Energy Review dedicated to various metals of nuclear interest, has published critical collections of physico-chemical properties of their compounds and alloys. 

Several structural types, corresponding to about 5500 binary compounds and alloys, were considered 147 structure types were classified as 97 coordination types. The applications of these maps, which, in the most favourable cases make it possible to predict not only the CN and polyhedron but also the structure type or a limited number of possibilities, were discussed. The possible extension to ternary and quaternary phases was also considered. 

Lanthanides properties and general references. For a systematic treatment and general references of the physical and chemical properties of the rare earths and their compounds and alloys mention can be made to a periodical publication in which several contributions to these subjects are being collected. See for instance Gschneidner and Eyring (1978) and Gschneidner etal. (2005). We would also like to quote a sentence, included in the prefaces of all these books, which hints at the complexity and richness of the rare earth behaviour and the ever-increasing interest in their properties and applications. The mentioned sentence is as follows ... 

Electrodeposition of alloys Electrolysis has also been used in order to obtain several metal compounds and alloys via the simultaneous co-deposition, from aqueous solutions or fused salts of the metal components. 

Structural Studies of Compounds and Alloys Using the Mossbauer Effect... 

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