Comparison of Piping Systems

On the other hand, in comparison to traditional recipe-driven multipurpose batch plants, new technical requirements arise from the use of mobile units. An important pre-requisite for a safe and automatic production are reliable docking systems that provide failure-free connections between the mobile vessels and the stationary processing stations. In the docking process of the mobile vessels the connection of pipes, of electric power and of signal processing equipment is necessary. The vessels therefore must be placed accurately. If vessels of different size are used, the connections must be flexible enough to cope with these. 

Fig. 20 Comparison of measured and calculated [H2] and [O2] in the recirculation piping system from a double-blind HWC mini-test at the Leibstadt BWR [19],...

The response of distribution systems (piping, cable trays and cable conduits) to earthquake excitations tends to be quite non-linear. Computations of stresses and support reactions by means of linear elastic analyses provide approximate indications of stresses and support loads that are suitable for comparison with acceptance criteria to determine the adequacy of the design, but such computations should not be applied for deriving accurate values of actual stresses and support reactions. Nominally fixed supports for distribution systems with some limits on deflections may be considered rigid for modelling purposes. 

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