Common Energy Policy

Biofuels, obtained from renewable resources, have in fact a central place in the European Union proposals for a Common Energy Policy, with a target of 5.75 vol.% of transportation fuel from biosotrrces by 2010 in EU (Biofuels directive 2003/30/Ec) and a possible target of 10 vol.% in 2020. 

In fact, National as well as Community policies have to change to meet the situation that will exist after 1992. Energy is an area where this transition now has to be made in order to have the integrated European energy market followed by a true common energy policy at Community level. 

The aim of the Common Energy Policy in Portugal for the period up to 1995 is a 20% saving energy consumption. If this is accomplished, it will represent ... 

Since a reduction in dependency cannot happen overnight. The so-called leaders in Washington (the Members of Congress) must make it happen by use of common-sense policies. Instead, the energy policy leaves the United States too dependent on petrolenm and the unstable regimes that supply it. 

The IAEA Conference on The Safety of Nuclear Power Strategy for the Future, held in September 1991, addressed the safety of operating nuclear power plants built to earlier standards. The conference, which was directed to decision makers on nuclear safety and energy policy, expressed the desire to achieve international consensus on this issue. Subsequently, the IAEA General Conference endorsed the recommendations in a resolution that urged the IAEA to develop a common basis on which an acceptable level of safety for all operating plants built to earlier standards could be judged. 

Once injection water treatment requirements have been established, process equipment must be sized to deal with the anticipated throughput. In a situation where water injection is the primary source of reservoir energy it is common to apply a voidage replacement policy, i.e. produced volumes are replaced by Injected volumes. An allowance above this capacity would be specified to cover equipment downtime. 

We show the evidence that for an energy paradigm to succeed the merits of technology do not suffice instead four factors have to be well aligned with articulated actions the sustainability factor the technological the market factors and the policy factors. But it is on top of this common action of these factors the political process which takes the lead in the change process. 

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