Combinatorial chemistry encoding

A W. Czamik, Encoding Methods for Combinatorial Chemistry , Cun. Opin. Chem Biol 1997, X 60-66. 

Brenner, S. Lemer, R. A. Encoded Combinatorial Chemistry, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.USA 1992, 89, 5381. 

Maclean, D. Schullek,J. R. Murphy,M. M. Ni,Z-J. Gordon,E. R. Gallop, M. A. Encoded Combinatorial Chemistry Synthesis and Screening of a Library of Highly Functionalized Pyrrolidines, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA... 

Xiao, X.-Y. Parandoosh, Z. Nova, M. P. Design and Synthesis of aTaxoid Library Using Radiofrequency Encoded Combinatorial Chemistry, J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 6029. 

Nestler, H. P Bartlett, P. A., Still, W. C. A General Method for Molecular Tagging of Encoded Combinatorial Chemistry Libraries. J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 4723-4724. 

Much of the early work in combinatorial chemistry focused on the preparation of large mixtures of compounds. The most widely used technique for mixture synthesis is the split/recombine method which assures that each component of the mixture is present in approximately equimolar concentrations. The structures of the bound ligands are determined either through an iterative, or reclusive, deconvolution strategy or through the use of encoded libraries. 

Nielsen J, Brenner S, Janda KD, Synthetic methods for the implementation of encoded combinatorial chemistry, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115 9812-9813, 1993. 

Nicolaou KC, Xiao X-Y, Parandoosh Z, Senyei A, Nova MP, Radiofrequency encoded combinatorial chemistry, Angew. Chem. Inti. Ed. Engl., 34 2289-2291, 1995. 

Armstrong RW, Brown SD, Keating TA, Tempest PA, Combinatorial synthesis exploiting multiple-component condensations, microchip encoding and resin capture, in Combinatorial Chemistry Synthesis and Application (Eds. Wilson SR, Czarnik AW), pp. 153-190, 1997, John Wiley Sons, New York. 

This review will cover encoding techniques for small organic molecule pool libraries, one of the most challenging and powerful techniques in combinatorial chemistry. A short introduction to illustrate briefly the advantages in library encoding and to compare the method with other structure determination techniques will be given, but for a more detailed introduction the reader should look elsewhere in this book [1]. 

This subject will not be extensively covered in this review because peptide combinatorial chemistry is fully treated elsewhere in this book [13]. Only a few important contributions will be mentioned Nikolaiev et al. [14] reported a general method for peptide encoding of nonsequenceable polymers using... 

Yamashita and Weinstock [62], Scott et al. [63, 64] and Egner et al. [65] reported the use of fluorophores in combinatorial chemistry and, in particular, as tags for pool library encoding. Multiple fluorophores were pre-encoded at a very low loading level (>0.1%) and the codes were read via various fluorimetric detection techniques [63]. Small tripeptide libraries were tested and decoded with success [62], but many potential drawbacks were also highlighted [63] so that a careful assessment of all the relevant variables (solid support... 

While considerable efforts have been spent in the past few years in the field of solid supports for combinatorial chemistry [73], most of them were devoted to modified polystyrenic beads with different sizes, loadings or swelling properties [74], or carrying different functionalities or linkers for library synthesis [75], or to solid supports different from resin beads (pins [76], cellulose [77], soluble supports [78], and so on). Few reports dealt with labelled solid supports prepared by chemical reactions (see the previous paragraphs) and significant efforts in the field of material sciences to obtain intrinsically labeled, nonchemically encoded, easily readable, combinatorial solid supports have not been reported. 

Nestler HP, Bartlett PA, Still WC, A general method for molecular tagging of encoded combinatorial chemistry libraries, J. Org. Chem., 59 4723 4724, 1994. 

Maclean D, Schullek JR, Murphy MM, Ni ZJ, Gordon EM, Gallop MA, Encoded combinatorial chemistry synthesis and screening of a library of highly functionalized pyrrolidines, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94 2805-2810, 1997. 

Hochlowski JE, Whittern DN, Sowin TJ, Encoding of combinatorial chemistry libraries by fluorine-19 NMR. J. Comb. Chem., 1 291-293, 1999. 

Garigipati RS, Adams JL, Photolytically cleavable arylsulfonamide encoding and linking agents for use in combinatorial chemistry, WO 9630337 Al, 961003, p. 32, 1996. 

Xiao X, Zhao C, Potash H, Nova MP, Combinatorial chemistry with laser optical encoding, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 36 780-782, 1997. 

Xiao X, Parandoosh Z, Nova MP, Design and synthesis of a taxoid library using radiofrequency encoded combinatorial chemistry, J. Org. Chem. 62 6029-6033, 1997. 

Jacobs JW, Ni ZJ, Encoded combinatorial chemistry, in Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery, (Eds. Gordon EM, Kerwin J), Wiley-Liss, New York, pp. 271-290, 1998. 

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