Molecular tags

Maynes and Webb (2002) presented pressure drop, velocity and rms profile data for water flowing in a tube 0.705 mm in diameter, in the range of Re = 500-5,000. The velocity distribution in the cross-section of the tube was obtained using the molecular tagging velocimetry technique. The profiles for Re = 550,700,1,240, and 1,600 showed excellent agreement with laminar flow theory, as presented in Fig. 3.2. The profiles showed transitional behavior at Re > 2,100. In the range Re = 550-2,100 the Poiseuille number was Po = 64. 

Maynes D, Webb AR (2002) Velocity profile characterization in sub-diameter tubes using molecular tagging velocimetry. Exp Fluids 32 3-15... 

Depending upon the intended application, the antibody may next be conjugated to specific molecular tags (e.g. a radionuclide or toxin). Finally, stabilizing agents (e.g. buffer components, glycine or sometimes human serum albumin) are added to the product. This is then aseptically filled into the final containers after sterile filtration. The product is then usually freeze-dried and sealed under an atmosphere of an inert gas. 

Ohlmeyer, M. H. J., Swanson, N., Dillard, L., Header, J. C., Asouline, G., Kobayashi, R., Wigler, M., Still, W. C. (1993) Complex synthetic chemical libraries indexed with molecular tags. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90, 10922-10926. 

W. J., Cavallaro, C. L., Roughton, A. L., Zhao, W., Reader, J. C., Orlowski, M., Jacob-Samuel, B., Dilanni Carroll, C. (2000) A statistical-based approach to assessing the fidelity of combinatorial libraries encoded with electrophone molecular tags. Development and application of tag decode-assisted single bead LC/MS analysis. J Comb Chem 2, 716-731. 

Nestler, H. P Bartlett, P. A., Still, W. C. A General Method for Molecular Tagging of Encoded Combinatorial Chemistry Libraries. J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 4723-4724. 

Improved optics sources, more robust fluorescent probes, molecular tags that are X-ray excitable, and more sensitive detectors will contribute much to the ability to image molecular interactions within cells at desired resolutions. 

Figure 6.13 (a) Molecular tags used by Still, - vwwlndicates the point at which the tag is attached to the linker, (b) A hypothetical representation of the GC plots obtained for some aryl halide tags Ti to T6. (c) The tag chromatogram for a hypothetical tagging scheme. 

Forster s theory [1], has enabled the efficiency of EET to be predicted and analyzed. The significance of Forster s formulation is evinced by the numerous and diverse areas of study that have been impacted by his paper. This predictive theory was turned on its head by Stryer and Haugland [17], who showed that distances in the range of 2-50 nm between molecular tags in a protein could be measured by a spectroscopic ruler known as fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Similar kinds of experiments have been employed to analyze the structure and dynamics of interfaces in blends of polymers. 

Molecular tags overcome the chemical sensitivity and orthogonal protection required by both peptide and oligonucleotide encoding. Two such methods have been developed and applied to the synthesis of both peptide and nonoligomeric libraries. One of these [34] approaches uses chemically robust haloaromatic tags which are used in a binary encoding... 

Ohlmeyer MHJ, Swanson RN, Dillard LW, Reader JC, Asouline G, Kobayashi R, Wigler M, Still WC, Complex synthetic chemical libraries indexed with molecular tags, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90 10922-10926, 1993. 

Baldwin JJ, Burbaum JJ, Henderson I, Ohlmeyer MHJ, Synthesis of a small molecule combinatorial library encoded with molecular tags, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117 5588-5589, 1995. 

Nestler HP, Bartlett PA, Still WC, A general method for molecular tagging of encoded combinatorial chemistry libraries, J. Org. Chem., 59 4723 4724, 1994. 

M.H.J. Ohlmeyer, R.N. Swanson, L.W. Dillard, J.C. Reader, G. Asouline, R. Kobayashi, M. Wigler, W.C. StUl, Complex Synthetic Chemical Libraries Indexed with Molecular Tags , Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90, 10922 (1993)... 

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