Columns theory

U. D. Neue, HPLC Columns Theory, Technology, and Practice, Wiley-VCH, New York, 1997. ISBN 0471190373. 

The profile of the concentration of a solute in both the mobile and stationary phases is Gaussian in form and this will be shown to be true when dealing later with basic chromatography column theory. Thus, the flow of mobile phase will slightly displace the concentration profile of the solute in the mobile phase relative to that in the stationary phase the displacement depicted in figure 1 is grossly exaggerated to demonstrate this effect. It is seen that, as a result of this displacement, the concentration of solute in the mobile phase at the front of the peak exceeds the equilibrium concentration with respect to that in the stationary phase. It follows that there is a net transfer of solute from the mobile phase in the front part of the peak to the... 

M"Liquid Chromatography Column Theory", R.P.W.Scott, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester-New York-Brisbane-Toronto-Singapore, (1992). 

U.D. Neue, HPLC Columns. Theory, Technology and Practice, John Wiley Sons, Ltd, Chichester (1997). 

R.P.W. Scott, Liquid Chromatography Column Theory, Wiley, UK, ISBN 0 471 93305 8, 1992. 

The theory of solute retention, as controlled by molecular Interactions between the solutes and the phase system is, in fact, not germane to the subject of this book. Nevertheless, as distribution and distribution coefficients together with retention volumes and capacity ratios will be discussed or used in the subsequent theoretical development of column theory, the basic principles of molecular interaction will be given. 

The technical cost of a separation is paid in units of time and pressure-both of which are limited in practice. It follows, that there is a limit to the maximum time that can be tolerated before an analysis is completed. Conversely, there will also be a limit to the complexity of a mixture that can be separated in an acceptable time. Column theory must allow these limits to be identified. Although, as already stated, only packed columns are presently in general use, it may be possible that eventually chromatographic apparatus, particularly the detector and injection system, will be improved to the point where capillary columns become a viable alternative. Column theory must, therefore, also aid in capillary column design and be able to define the specifications of the ancillary apparatus that will permit the efficient use of such columns. 

In previous chapters, liquid chromatography column theory has been developed to explain solute retention, band dispersion, column properties and optimum column design for columns that are to be used for purely analytical purposes. The theories considered so far, have assumed that solute concentrations approach (for all practical purposes) infinite dilution, and, as a consequence, all isotherms are linear. In the specific design of the optimum preparative column for a particular preparative separation, initially, the same assumptions will be made. 

Liquid Chromatography Column Theory by Raymond P.W. Scott... 

R.P.W. ScotL in Liquid Chromatography Column Theory (R.P.W. Scoll, Ed.), Wiley, New York (1992). 

V. R. Meyer, Pitfalls and Errors of HPLC in Pictures (New York Wiley, 1998) R. Eksteen. P. Schoenmakers, and N. Miller, eds., Handbook of HPLC (New York Marcel Dekker, 1998) U. D. Neue, HPLC Columns Theory, Technology, and Practice (New York Wiley, 1997) A. Weston and P. R. Brown, HPLC and CE (San Diego Academic Press, 1997) L. R. Snyder, HPLC—Past and Present, Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 412A. 

Pelkonen S, Kaesemann R, Gorak A. Distillation lines for multicomponent separation in packed columns—theory and comparison with experiment. Ind Eng Chem Res 1997 36 5392-5398. 

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