Colour plot

Fig. 3.21. Two-colour plot of (U-B) against (B—V). The curve shows the main sequence for stars with the metallicity of the Hyades, loci of black bodies (with temperatures marked in units of 1000 K) and a deblanketing vector illustrating schematically the effect of metal deficiency in F and G stars. Adapted from Unsold (1977).

Figure 21. All the 3300 galaxies from Figure 20 are included in this colour-colour plot. The shaded region shows how the 140 candidate Lyman break galaxies are selected for subsequent spectroscopic follow-up. The symbol size is proportional to the object magnitude circles denote objects detected in all three bands, while triangles are lower limits in (Un — G) for U dropouts.

Colour plot Two-dimensional plot representing a comprehensive two-dimensional separation, in which the colour represents the signal intensity of the separation system. 

Figure 3 Colour plot of a reversed-phase GCxGC separation of a diesel oil [30]. Although the column combination (first polar, second nonpolar) is decidedly nonorthogonal, the plot still exhibits the well-known clustering of related chemical groups. But now compounds of the least polar group, the paraffins, have the longest second-dimension retention times. The more polarizable groups — the mono- and di-aromatics — now have lower second-dimension retention times.

Figure 4 Colour plot of the GCxGC separation of C15-C16 olefins [5].

Figure 5 Colour plot of the GCxGC high-resolution separation of a diesel [32]. Because of the clustering, all the hydrocarbon classes can be identified, from n-C7 through n-Cjg and the branched alkanes in between, up to toluene through C2o-monoaromatics. From naphthalenes (second-dimension retention times 10 s) through the triaromatics in the top of the plot. The insert depicts one single second-dimension chromatogram, showing that in a single one-dimensional peak at least thirty compounds may co-elute.

Figure 6 GCxGC 3 D-colour plots of the petroleum hydrocarbons at the site on day 40 (a) and day 50 (b) after the spill illustrating the extent of loss of the n-alkane envelope (n-alkanes are denoted by the carbon number at the top of the peaks) relative to the aromatic components of the petroleum hydrocarbons that appear behind the alkanes (i.e., at higher second-dimension retention times) [11].

Figure 7 Colour plot of a GCxGC separation of reformulated gasoline [35]. Ol. methanol, 02. ethanol, 03. isoproyl alcohol, 04. tert-butanol, 05. n-propanol, 06. sec-butanol, 07. iso butanol, 08. tert-pentanol, 09. n-butanol, OlO. methyl tert-butyl ether. Oil. diisopropyl ether, 012. ethyl tert-butyl ether, 013. tcrt-amyl methyl ether, Nl. cyclo hexane, N2. methylcyclo hexane, IS. 1,2-dimethoxy ethane as internal standard.

Figure 8 Colour plot of the GCxGC separation of a hydrodesulfurization feed [36]. The different groups indicated are the major sulphur compounds. In between these groups are the groups that also contain a saturated (hydrocarbon) ring in the molecule.

Figure 16.7 Examples of half-cell potential maps (riding deck In the tunnel San Bernardino). Data representation colour plot (a) and equicontour line plot (fc). DF dilatation joint (every 25 m)...

FIGURE 35 Bloch spectral function of Gd on the HLMK plane of the hexagonal BZ. Panels (A), (B), and (C) are for c/a ratios 1.54,1.57, and 1.66, respectively, with theoretical unit cell volumes used. The centre of the plane is the L point. Nesting vectors are indicated by arrows. The colour plot can be found in Hughes et al. (2007). 

Fig. 12.19 Camera-based triangulation system in the back, the casting in the front (left), coloured dots indicating the deviation from the CAD file of the casting middle), a colour plot of the casting scan compared with the CAD file of the machined part right) [25]...

Fig. 4.16 Velocity field around an hep aggregate (/e/H) and a DLCA aggregate (right) with V = 150 for creeping flow into the projection area colour plots show the normal velocity component normalised with velocity of the undisturbed flow field u ...

The data were processed with Matlab 7.1 software (The MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA) to visualize the friction coefficient in colour plots and to determine the friction coefficients in dependence on the applied load (average of 2000 values/load). 

A colour plot of the Mction coefficient p of a. typical tribological test performed at 80 °C is shown in Fig. 3. The load was cycled in such a way that the same angular position always experienced the same load. The friction... 

Fig. 3 Colour plot of the friction coefficient p of a sample tribostiBssed at 80 C in ZnDTP solution. Left a plot of the applied load vs. the angidar position of the rotating disc...

Fig. 8 Imaging-XPS of the tribotrack on the disc (tribosttessed under 10 N load at 80 °C) and of the tribostressed region on the ball from the same experiment. Complete spectra were acquired at each point of the map and the area under the peak taken for the colour plot...

Fig. 6.5 pH SERS nanosensor. Photomicrograph of an NIH/3T3 cells incubated with Au tag (Au NPs and 4-MBA), pH map of the cell displayed as false colour plot of the ratios of the SERS lines of 4-MBA at 1423 and 1076 cm . The values given in the colour scale bar determine the upper end value of each respective colour. Typical anti-Stokes part of SERS spectra collected in the endosomal compartments with different pH (reproduced with permission from Kneipp et al. 2007. Copyright 2007 American Chemical Society)... 

I he electron density distribution of individual molecular orbitals may also be determined and plotted. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) are often of particular interest as these are the orbitals most cimimonly involved in chemical reactions. As an illustration, the HOMO and LUMO for Jonnamide are displayed in Figures 2.12 and 2.13 (colour plate section) as surface pictures. 

When plotting the standard curve it is customary to assign a transmission of 100 per cent to the blank solution (reagent solution plus water) this represents zero concentration of the constituent. It may be mentioned that some coloured solutions have an appreciable temperature coefficient of transmission, and the temperature of the determination should not differ appreciably from that at which the calibration curve was prepared. 

Wave-height-concentration plot 604 Wave height measurement of, 605 Wavelengths approximate of colours, 646 limits of various types of radiation, 647 units for, 647 Wave numbers 646... 

Our preferred experiment of this type is the so called DEPT-edited HSQC which is both relatively artefact-free and sensitive. It also has one other major advantage up its sleeve. This experiment is not an absolute value technique like most of the others, but it allows for discrimination between different types of carbons. Methyl and methine carbons give crosspeaks that are phased opposite to the methylene carbons and so the results are best plotted on a colour plotter which can portray this clearly by plotting positive and negative cross peaks in different colors. 

Another alternative for the interpretation of 1,1-ADEQUATE data is available by overlaying HSQC and 1,1-ADEQUATE spectra. By plotting the two spectra in different colours, as was done in Figure 4, the direct 1H/13C heteronuclear correlation response is visible and provides a guide for interpretation that is sometimes convenient. A further alternative would be to overlay 1,1-ADEQUATE and GHMBC spectra responses appearing in both are identified as 2/ch correlations and all remaining... 

Colour Plate 24 Two-dimensional contour plot overlay onto three-dimensional surface plot of data matrix A found in Table 75-1. (see Figure 75-5, p. 507)... 

Figure 14.21 Data from the simulated burial experiment superimposed on a plot of reference animal fatty acid 8D values, showing how any change in 8D value caused by burial is not significant compared with natural variations in 8D values of animal fatty acids. Data from the burial experiment is blue, except for the raw lamb which is red. Reference animal fatty acid 8D values are green and correspond to a wide range of terrestrial and marine species drawn from a wide geographical range (see colour Plate 2)...

Figure 6.2 (a) Orientation of the main magnetic axis in the ground Kramers doublet of [Cp ErCOT], [62]. Colour scheme Er, purple C, yellow H, white, (b) Polar plot of the angular dependence of the single-crystal magnetic susceptibility recorded in the a-b plane, comparison between the results of the... 

For the system H2S04-H20 at 0° the plot of log k against H0 was rectilinear over the range H0 = -7 to -9, but steeper than that obtained with BF3-H20 for more negative values of H0 (down to -10.5) the results were not closely reproducible, but showed k to be largely independent of H0 this was - quite plausibly - attributed to side reactions which were indicated by the strong colour of the reaction mixtures and the evolution of sulphur dioxide. 

In order to find out what R+ is, we consider first the common experience that when a tert- mty halide is treated with an aluminium halide under ordinary conditions, there is a brisk evolution of hydrogen halide and a coloured solution containing oligo-isobutylenes and condensed allylic ions is formed. In the present experiments the solutions were colourless, no hydrogen halide was evolved, and the conductivity was stable and behaved reversibly. Further, the rectilinearity of the k-[A1X3] plots in Figures 9 and 10, and the smallness of the intercepts on the K-axis, showed that ions generated by reactions other than those of type (viii) must have been very scarce, and for the experiment with tert-butyl bromide this was borne out by the absence of any byproducts. 

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