Color dichromatic

Guth, S. L. et al. (1980). Vector model for normal and dichromatic color vision. Journal of the Optical Society of America 70 197-212. 

Wooten, B. R. and G. Wald (1973). Color-vision mechanisms in the peripheral retinas of normal and dichromatic observers. Journal of General Physiology 61 125-145. 

Badyaev, A. V. and Hill, G. E. 2000. Evolution of sexual dichromatism Contribution of carotenoid- versus melanin-based coloration. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 69 153-172. 

Color Constancy Using a Dichromatic Reflection Model... 

When we now compute chromaticities, the three-dimensional data points are projected onto the plane r + g + b = 1. The linear combination results in a two-dimensional line in chromaticity space. Let Cm be the chromaticity of the matte color and let cs be the chromaticity of the specular color. Then, the dichromatic line on the plane r + g + b = 1... 

Figure 6.31 Two different surfaces have a different diffuse component however, the specular component is the same. The color of the illuminant is located at the intersection of the dichromatic lines.

Color constancy using a dichromatic reflection model. 

About 8% of males and less than 1% of females are born with defective color vision. As was discussed earlier, a person with normal color vision—the trichromat— has three kinds of color-sensitive cones red-, green-, and blue-sensitive cones. Dichromatism is when only two colors are perceptible and one color is difficult to recognize. 

Fortunately we are able to replace bromphenol blue and brom-cresol purple with other sulfonephthaleins which do not show dichromatism. W. C. Harden and N. L. Drake have prepared tetrabromophenoltetrabromosulfonephthalein (tetrabrom-phenol blue) which may be used in place of bromphenol blue. Both indicators have the same transformation range (pH 3.0-4.6) with a color change from pure yellow to pure blue. Chlor-phenol red, with a color change from yellow to red, is a good substitute for bromcresol purple. 

The sulfonephthaleins are characterized by pronounced color changes and by the stability of both forms. Bromphenol blue and bromcresol purple are less satisfactory for pH determinations since they show a marked dichromatism during transformation. Fortunately these indicators may be replaced by tetrabromo-phenoltetrabromosulfonephthalein, bromcresol green, and chlor-phenol red. 

A shortpass (SP) filter is a colored glass filter that attenuates longer wavelengths and transmits shorter wavelengths over the active range of the target spectrum. In fluorescence, shortpass filters are often employed in dichromatic mirrors and excitation filters. 

Sito A., Mikami A., Hosokawa T., Hasegawa T. (2006), Advantage of dichromats over trichromats in discrimination of color-camouflaged stimuli in humans. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 102, 3-12. 

Dichromatic dyes when introduced in LC elastomers can be used to investigate the LC orientation behavior. The stress-induced orientational elastomers could be developed to form a color polarizer. It can be designed by chemically attaching dye molecules in side chains of LC elastomer [54]. Also, dichromatic dye-containing liquid crystalline elastomers can be synthesized by reacting a terpolymer, as a precursor, with hexamethylene diisocyanate. The elastomers, even with 10 mol% of cross-linkage, remain nematic in their liquid crystalline nature [55]. 

Color Blindness (Deprecated) An incorrect term applied to defective color vision. An extremely small number of persons having complete lack of color response (are achromatopes). Most so-called colorblind persons are anomalous trichromats, seeing all three primaries but having responses which are weaker than normal to one of the primaries. Persons who lack response to one primary are called dichromats, seeing only two primaries. 

Perfect electro-optical performance of the photoaligned FLC display with a memorized grayscale has been demonstrated [31-33]. A prototype of a passively addressed passive matrix FLC display based on the photoalignment technique was developed. Recently, photoaligned bistable FLCs with dichromatic (two-color) [34] and almost achromatic (black/white) [35] displays were realized. 

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