Collective effect definition

The kink d5mamics of the sine-Gordon equation is studied in the model of the loealized spatial modulation of the periodic potential. A case of two identical areas (or impurities) of the spatial modulation of the periodic potential is considered. It is shown that observing the collective effects of impurity influence is possible and depends on the distance between the impurities. A definite critical value of impurity distances causing two quite different ways of the d5mamic kink behavior is demonstrated. The structure and properties of three-kink solutions of the sine-Gordon equation in the impurity area are studied. 

This is an indication of the collective nature of the effect. Although collisions between hard spheres are instantaneous the model itself is not binary. Very careful analysis of the free-path distribution has been undertaken in an excellent old work [74], It showed quite definite although small deviations from Poissonian statistics not only in solids, but also in a liquid hard-sphere system. The mean free-path X is used as a scaling length to make a dimensionless free-path distribution, Xp, as a function of a free-path length r/X. In the zero-density limit this is an ideal exponential function (Ap)o- In a one-dimensional system this is an exact result, i.e., Xp/(Xp)0 = 1 at any density. In two dimensions the dense-fluid scaled free-path distributions agree quite well with each other, but not so well with the zero-density scaled distribution, which is represented by a horizontal line (Fig. 1.21(a)). The maximum deviation is about... 

Here we focus on the effect of dipolar dispersion laws for high-frequency collective vibrations on the shift and width of their spectral line, with surface molecules inclined at an arbitrary angle 6 to the surface-normal direction. For definiteness, we consider the case of a triangular lattice and the ferroelectric ordering of dipole moments inherent in this lattice type.56,109 Lateral interactions of dynamic dipole moments p = pe (e = (sin os, sin6fcin , cos )) corresponding to collective vibrations on a simple two-dimensional lattice of adsorbed molecules cause these vibrations to collectivize in accordance with the dispersion law 121... 

All input parameters, scenario definitions and results are stored in a database for easy access and retrieval. Analysis of individual scenario results and statistical analysis over all scenarios (or any subset) is possible. Typical individual scenario results are deposition, dosage and casualty level on the attacked target. Typical statistical analysis results are dosage and deposition threat spectra, and casualty spectra. The casualty levels and spectra can be obtained for various health effect levels (eye effect, incapacitation, lethal) and protection levels (no protection, suit only, mask only, mask and suit, collective protection). This model thus largely eliminates the subjectivity involved in scenario studies, protective and detector equipment procurement. 

In this experiment, a solid material, such as pecan hulls, are crushed, ground, and separated into various sizes to observe the effects of the variation of size distribution with screening time and the variation of size distribution on rate of vibration. The size and distribution of particles may be determined by several methods. Screening is commonly used for this purpose. In this method a known mass of material of various sizes is passed over a series of standard screens and the amount of material collected on each screen is determined. The rate of vibrating the screen and the time allowed for vibrating have definite effects on the distribution of particles. 

Boelens, J. De Wilde, B. De Baere, L. Comparative study on biowaste definition effects on biowaste collection, compost process and compost quality. Compost. Sci. Util. 1996, 4, 60-72. 

Phase III Extended large-scale trials to obtain additional evidence of efficacy and safety, and definition of adverse effects. Humans exposed several hundred to several thousand Phase IV Post-marketing surveillance occurs after the chnical trials programme is complete. It is used to collect adverse event data from a large patient population. Humans exposed 10 000+... 

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