Cold stabilization installation

Fig. 12.1. Schematic diagram of a cold-stabilization installation A, untreated wine (- -14°C) B, treated wine (- -5°C) C, wine during stabilization (—5°C) 1, untreated wine pump 2, treating wine at —5°C (refrigeration system and plate heat exchanger) 3, filter at the end of cold treatment 4, pump for cold-stabilized wine, ready to be filtered 5, heat exchanger for precooling wine to be treated by using it to warm treated wine...

A condensate stabilizer with reflux will recover more intermediate components from the gas than a cold-feed stabilizer. However, it requires more equipment to purchase, install, and operate. This additional cost must be justified by the net benefit of the incremental liquid recovery, less the cost of natural gas shrinkage and loss of heating value, over that obtained from a cold-feed stabilizer. 

When cold treatment is used to clarify new wines or prevent colloidal precipitation, the installation in Figure 12.1 is most appropriate. It may also be used for tartrate stabilization without contact (Section 1.7.2). The process involves ... 

Refrigerating the environment is another way of utilizing cold to stabilize wine. Winter cold may be used for this purpose, as well as specialized vat room installations where a chilled atmosphere makes it possible to keep wine at a temperature in the vicinity of 0°C for one or two months. The wine must previously have been filtered. Vats may be equipped with individual exchangers to accelerate cooling. This type of installation is highly effective. Furthermore, it minimizes the risk of oxidation, as the wine does not need to be handled. This system may also be used for fermenting white wines, maintaining a fermentation temperature of around 18-20°C, or even lower. 

Mechanical Instability. The obtainable resolution depends not only on the lens characteristics but also to a large extent on the mechanical stability of the micro.scope. which should be installed on a vibration-free heavy concrete block. In many cases the mechanical stability is actually the resolution-determining factor. The specimen holder should moreover be creep free, which is a problem for hot and cold stages. High-resolution work is therefore performed almost exclusively at room temperature. 

The working capillary-1 with ID of 0.3 mm and length of 216 mm is made from stainless steel. The capillary-1 is soldered to the extension tube-6. The fluid under study flows to a cold zone through the extension tube-6. Capillary-1 with extension tube-6 located in the high temperature and high pressure autoclave-4. The extension tube-6 is connected to a movable cylinder-9, which in turn is connected to the fixed cylinder-11 by means of the flexible tube-10. Both cylinders (9 and 11) are supplied with identical expanded bottles, employed to stabilize the fluid efflux through the capillary. The input and output sections of the capillary have conical extensions. All parts of the experimental installation in contact with the sample are made out of stainless steel. 

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