Cohesive fibrous structure

Biocompatibility-enhancing features of cohesive fibrous structures... 

Fiber interlacing process allows to obtain cohesive fibrous stmctures that demonstrated clear benefits to be used as implantable medical devices with improved biocompatibility features. However, these fibrous cohesive structure features may need to be scaled and organized to better match the applications. These adjustments are mostiy related to textile processes. Besides simple fibrous cohesive structures, textile processes could help to give controlled fibrous patterns with desired scale, orientation, and physical properties. 

Suiimi is a concentrate of insoluble muscle proteins (ca. 20%). It forms a solid cohesive gel with water (ca. 80%), which solidifies when warm For production, lean fish meat is ground at 5-10 °C and extracted with water until basically only myosin, actin, actomyosin and small amounts of collagen remain. The addition of paramyosin (cf. 13.1.4.2.2) intensifies the structure of the gel. In the further processing of Surimi to Kamboko, starch (ca. 5%), egg white, flavor enhancers, colorants and aroma substances are added, whereby an attempt is made to imitate crab or mussel meat. The resulting mixture is solidified by denaturation of the proteins first at 40-50 °C and then at 80-90 °C. Fibrous structures are produced by extrusion. 

Wet textile substrates can be considered an irregular but somewhat ordered array of interlocking fibers making up a wet porous fibrous structure. Water within the structure lays between individual fibers being held by capillary action or by cohesive interactions between water molecules. Moisture is also present within the fiber depending on the moisture regain... 

Several bioreactor designs have been demonstrated for large-scale culture of hairy roots (6,7). Bioreactors used for hairy root culture are more complex owing to continuous growth of hairy root and must compensate for the heterogeneous, cohesive, structured, and entangled nature of fibrous roots (4). Hairy root cultures may be feasible for large-scale applications, but many problems with the hairy root culture system are still unsolved (6-9). 

The chief value of this study is to throw further light on the fibrous protein which forms the greater part of the epidermal cell. The protein is highly asymmetric, it has a typical a. structure, and in solution in urea/bisulfite it has a molecular weight of the order of 60,000. When reprecipitated and dried the extracted protein shows a lack of cohesion between its particles, while within the tissue much of the protein behaves as if the particles were extensively linked together. 

To date, there are many medical devices that include fibrous material. Beyond the specifics relating to materials, this diversity is attributable on one hand to the variety of pathologies that these devices aim to solve and on the other hand to the multitude of industrial textile processes. Indeed, fibers could be used as units or in cohesive structure forms thanks to textile processes, with the ability to tune and control the obtained structure features in more or less anisotropic stmcture, or even in unidirectional, bidirectional, or tridimensional architectures. 

All these features, related to fibrous cohesive structures, are determinant in the whole textile strucmre final behavior. To gauge the impact of fibrous cohesiveness on implantable medical devices, each specific characteristic of interlaced fiber strucmres has to be correlated with the biological responses to which it relates. 

The structural and functional properties of the cutaneous surface almost entirely are those of the stratum comeum, modified only slightly by influences of hair, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. The process of keratinization, consisting of the aggregate events by which the epidermis forms the stratum comeum, must be reviewed not only in context with epidermal syntheses of fibrous proteins, mucopolysaccharides and special compounds that modify the texture of the stratum comeum but with other epidermal attributes such as rates of stratum comeum production, and cohesiveness of stratum comeum cells, their hydrophilic and water-binding properties, their elasticity and pliability. 

---