Coherent Stokes Raman scattering

The nonlinear optical properties are determined using resonance Raman scattering, coherent antistokes Raman scattering and coherent stokes Raman scattering. The two-photon polarizability is found to be very large in these materials. General... 

In order to extend the range of 2laser excitation, both CARS (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering) and CSRS (Coherent Stokes Raman Scattering) are used. In both cases <03 = 2003 -U2 In the CARS mode 0)3 > wj > (03 in the CSRS mode <02 > (1)3. One-photon resonance effects are the same in both cases as described later. Phase matching is also the same in both cases with 3 = 2 ... 

More useful in spectroscopic terms is the process of coherent Stokes Raman scattering (CSRS) or anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). This involves radiation from two laser sources of photon energy hvi>hv2 that irradiate the sample simultaneously. 

The anti-Stokes/Stokes electric field produced by the CARS/CSRS (Coherent Stokes Raman Scattering) process at the focus is given by ... 

Depending on the relative phase difference between these temis, one may observe various experimental spectra, as illustrated in figure Bl.5.14. This type of behaviour, while potentially a source of confiision, is familiar for other types of nonlinear spectroscopy, such as CARS (coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering) [30. 31] and can be readily incorporated mto modelling of measured spectral features. 

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy... 

Figure 9.22 Experimental arrangement for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering...

Fig. 0.4. Experimental nitrogen Q-branch of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectrum (CARS) measured at 700 K and different pressures [14].

The present study demonstrates that the analytic calculation of hyperpolarizability dispersion coefficients provides an efficient alternative to the pointwise calculation of dispersion curves. The dispersion coefficients provide additional insight into non-linear optical properties and are transferable between the various optical processes, also to processes not investigated here as for example the ac-Kerr effect or coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), which depend on two independent laser frequencies and would be expensive to study with calculations ex-plictly frequency-dependent calculations. 

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Zumbusch, A., Holtom G. R. and Xie, X. S. (1999) Three-dimensional vibrational imaging by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. Phys. Rev Lett., 82, 4142-4145. 

Pott, A., Dork, T., Uhlenbusch, J. et al. (1998) Polarization-sensitive coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering applied to the detection of NO in a microwave discharge for reduction of NO, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 31, 2485-98. 

Coherency strains, 13 501 Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), 21 328 Cohesive energy, 23 90 Coho salmon, common and scientific names, 3 187t... 

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Evans, C. L., Potma, E. O., Puoris haag, M., Cote, D., Lin, C. R, andXie, X. S. 2005. Chemical imaging of tissue in vivo with video-rate coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy. Proc. Nat. Acad Sci. 102 16807-12. 

Hashimoto, M., and Araki, T. 1999. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscope. Proc. 5P/ 3749 496. 

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