Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy examples

Our first example of aP - signal is coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy, or CARS. Fomially, tire emission signal into direction k= - k + k. has 48 Feynman diagrams that contribute. Flowever, if the... 

Raman spectroscopy, which concerns the spectral analysis of radiation scattered by an atom or molecule. Recent developments are coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), both of which are sensitive laser-based techniques, and examples of laser spectroscopy. 

The methods of nonlinear Raman spectroscopy, i. e. spontaneous hyper Raman scattering (based on the hyperpolarizability) and coherent nonlinear Raman scattering (based on the third-order-nonlinear susceptibilities) are discussed in detail in Sec. 3.6.1. In Sec. 3.6.2 the instrumentation needed for these types of nonlinear spectroscopy is described. In this section we present some selected, typical examples of hyper Raman scattering (Sec. 6.1.4.1), coherent anti-Stokes Raman. scattering (Sec. 6.1.4.2), stimulated Raman gain and inverse Raman spectroscopy (Sec. 6.1.4.3), photoacoustic Raman spectroscopy (Sec. 6.1.4.4) and ionization detected stimulated Raman spectroscopy (Sec. 6.1.4.5). 

The laser-based techniques currently being used and developed include vibrational Raman scattering, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), Rayleigh scattering, laser-induced fluorescence, and planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF). This is an active research field at various research establishments. Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy has been used to measure several combustion intermediates, for example, CH, C2, HCH, OH, NO, NO2, HNO, CO, halogenated hydrocarbons, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 

Coherent Anti-Stokes—Raman Scattering Ab initio calculations of nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies is a field that is very much in its infancy, and we will therefore not dwell much on this topic here, Umiting ourselves to a recent example from our own research group, namely the foiu -wave mixing processes that lead to CARS [290]. 

ABSTRACT. Tunable coherent radiation in the ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet has been generated by stimulated Raman scattering, by anti-Stokes Raman lasers, and by frequency mixing processes in nonlinear media. The theory and experimental progress in the development of these laser-driven sources is reviewed, and examples of available systems and their characteristics are discussed. Various applications in spectroscopy of radiation tunable in the wavelength region 200-90 nm are presented. 

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