Coating, electrophoresis capillary

Capillary zone electrophoresis also can be accomplished without an electroosmotic flow by coating the capillary s walls with a nonionic reagent. In the absence of electroosmotic flow only cations migrate from the anode to the cathode. Anions elute into the source reservoir while neutral species remain stationary. 

Capillary Electrophoresis. Capillaries were first appHed as a support medium for electrophoresis in the early 1980s (44,45). The glass capillaries used are typically 20 to 200 p.m in diameter (46), may be filled with buffer or gel, and are frequendy coated on the inside. Capillaries are used because of the high surface-to-volume ratio which allows high voltages without heating effects. The only limitations associated with capillaries are limits of detection and clearance of sample components. 

Lurie, I. S., Hays, P. A., and Parker, K. (2004). Capillary electrophoresis analysis of a wide variety of seized drugs using the same capillary with dynamic coatings. Electrophoresis 25, 1580—1591. 

Pai, Y. E, Chun-Chi Lin, C. C., and Liu, C. Y. (2004). Optimization of sample stacking for the simultaneous determination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with a wall-coated histidine capillary column. Electrophoresis 25, 569—577. 

Zhu, X., Kamande, M. W, Thiam, S., Kapnissi, C. P., Mwongela, S. M., and Warner, I. M. (2004). Open-tubular capillary electrochromatography/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry using polymeric surfactant as a stationary phase coating. Electrophoresis 25, 562-568. 

Jiang, T.-F., Gu, Y.-L., Liang, B., Li, J.-B., Shi, Y.-R, and Ou, Q.-Y., Dynamically coating the capillary with l-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium based ionic liquids for separation of basic proteins by capillary electrophoresis. Anal. Chim. Acta, 479, 249-254, 2003. 

Fused silica capillary tubes were variously coated for capillary electrophoresis. The chemical process involving a Grignard reaction is shown in equation 30. The silanol groups on the silica surface are treated with alkali, dried, convert to chlorosUanes with thionyl chloride and vinylmagnesium bromide replaces the chlorine atoms with vinyl... 

N. E. Baryla, J. E. Melanson, M. T. McDermott, and C. A. Lucy, Characterization of Surfactant Coatings in Capillary Electrophoresis by Atomic Force Microscopy, Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 4558 M. M. Yassine and C. A. Lucy, Enhanced Stability Self-Assembled Coatings for Protein Separations by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Through the Use of Long-Chained Surfactants, Anal. Chem. 2005, 77, 62. 

One of the first steps in modifying the performance of capillary electrophoresis was the deactivation of silica groups of the capillary column by physically coating the capillary wall with methylcellulose (58,59), as well as via silane derivatization (10,44,60). Presently, many other changes have been carried out either to the capillary surface or addition of chemical agents to the separation buffer (see Table II), including manipulation of... 

Cordova E, Gao J, Whitesides G. Noncovalent polycationic coatings for capillaries in capillary electrophoresis of proteins. Anal Chem 1997 69 1370. 

Silica Capillaries Polymeric Coating for Capillary Electrophoresis... 

Timerbaev, A.R. Buchberger, W. Prospects for detection and sensitivity enhancement of inorganic ions in capillary electrophoresis. J. Chromatogr., A 1999, 834, 117-132. Horvath, J. Dolnike, V. Polymer wall coatings for capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2001, 22, 644-655. 

G Bocaz, AL Revilla, J Krejci, J Havel. Characterization of a sapphire-epoxy coating for capillary electrophoresis. J Capillary Electrophor 5 165-170, 1998. 

Horvath J, Dolnik V (2001). Polymer wall coatings for capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis. 22 644-655. 

Li M X, Liu L, Wu J T, et al. (1997). Use of a polybrene capillary coating in capillary electrophoresis for rapid analysis of hemoglobin variants with on-line detection via an ion trap storage/reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Analyt. Chem. 69 2451-2456. 

Dolnik, V. Wall coating for capillary electrophoresis on microchips. Electrophoresis, 25, 3589-3601, 2004. 

Moiitani, T., Yoon, K., Rafailovich, M., and Chu, B., DNA capillary electrophoresis using poly(vinylalcohol). I. inner capillary coating. Electrophoresis, 24, 2764, 2003. 

Preisler, J. and Yeung, E.S., Characterization of nonbonded poly(ethyleneoxide) coating for capillary electrophoresis via continuous monitoring of electroosmotic flow. Anal. Chem., 68, 2885, 1996. 

Chang, W.W.P. et al., Rapid separation of protein isoforms by capillary zone electrophoresis with new dynamic coating, Electrophoresis, 26, 2179, 2005. 

Briiggermann, O. Freitag, F. Whitcombe, M.J. Vulfson, E.N. Comparison of polymer coatings of capillaries for capillary electrophoresis with respect to their applicability to molecular imprinting and electrochromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 1997, 781, 43-53. 

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