CO nonattainment areas

As of November 1, 1992, all gasoline sold in the 39 CO nonattainment areas contained 2.7 wt% oxygen during the winter months. Beginning January 1, 1995, regulations mandated that gasoline sold in the nine worst ozone non-attainment areas contain at least 2.0 wt% oxygen and not more than 1 vol% benzene and 25 vol% total aromatics. Other cities that have had mobile source emission problems can optin voluntarily to the use of reformulated fuels. 

The program length of oxygenated fuels for CO nonattainment areas... 

Title I allows the EPA to define the boundaries of "nonattainment" areas for ozone, CO, and PMjg. Emission standards for these areas will be based on a new set of "nonattainment categories." EPA has established a classification system for ozone design values (goals) and attainment deadlines. Table 24-2 lists these parameters. 

W 58. Read the What If... Problem Molecules box in this chapter. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) monitors problem molecules and pubUshes the results on their website http //www.epa.gov/air/data/ index.html. Go to that website and view the reports and maps section. Use the menus to request a map of the U.S. nonattainment areas for carbon monoxide (CO) and print the map. This map shows regions where carbon monoxide air pollution levels persistently exceed national air quahty standards. Do you live in a region where the levels are exceeded Try this for other pollutants such as ozone (O3). 

Sources covered. Any new plant with potential emissions of 100 tpy or more of particulates, SO2, NO, VOCs, or carbon monoxide (CO) was subject to the requirements of the 1977 amendments. Modifications to these major sources are subject to review if they result in significant increases, as with the PSD program. Under the CAAA, these levels have been lowered for the more seriously polluted ozone (O3), CO, and PMio nonattainment areas. 

Mobile sources. As part of the O3 and CO nonattainment programs. Title II directed further tightening of emission standards applicable to motor vehicles. The Title II provision also established new requirements for petroleum companies to produce alternative fuels for motor vehicles, and for the automotive industry to design and manufacture vehicles that are capable of using such alternative fuels, intended for sale to fleet operations in designated areas. 

The definition of source applicability or what constitutes a major source is the primary concern. The CAAAs reduced the previous definition (100 tpy) to lower levels in certain O3, CO, and PM 10 nonattainment areas. This will expand the reach of NSR to cover smaller sources. In... 

There has been considerable improvement, especially in industrial areas, in U.S. air quaUty since the adoption of the Clean Air Act of 1972. Appreciable reductions in particulate emissions and in SO2 levels ate especially evident. In 1990, however, almost every metropoUtan area was in nonattainment status on o2one air quaUty standards 50 metropoUtan areas exceeded the CO standard and between 50 and 100 exceeded the PM q standard for particulate level (29). 

Nonattainment Requirements. Currently, there are roughly 100 areas of nonattainment for O3, over 40 for CO, and 70 for particulate matter. Also, there are a number of areas not in compliance with SO2 standards. Thus, existing or proposed new or modified industrial facih-ties located in or near these areas wiU be subject to a variety of new requirements designed to limit existing and future emissions of these nonattainment pollutants. Eor certain existing sources, reasonably available control technology (RACT) requirements have or will be imposed.The construction of a new or modified source may require the installation of LAER technology and emission offsets. 

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