Clinker liter weight

The results of microscopy by the Ono method are considered an important part of the data base in a computerized multivariate analysis conducted routinely for cement quality control in plants of the Onoda Cement Company in Japan (Aizawa, 1985). Microscopical data are said to be helpful in making frequent adjustments in kiln parameters, clinker silo operation, and adjustment of cement fineness. The continually updated analysis involves the following process variables burning zone temperature, kiln outlet clinker temperature, secondary air temperature, extraction air temperature, kiln rotation torque, nitrous oxide, percent clinker passing the 5-mm screen, and liter weight. In some Japanese cement plants, clinkers are recycled until the microscopical targets have been met, according to Uchikawa (1992). 

Low liter weight MgO slightly high, CaO distinctly high aggregated clinkers (Brown, 1948)... 

The produced chnker is polymineralic in nature, and contains—in addition to calcium sulfoaluminate— limited amoimts of dicalcium silicate, anhydrite, and free lime. 8ulfospurrite may also occasionally be present (Herrick et al., 1992 8u et al., 1992). The chemical composition of the sidfoaliuninate phase may vary over a limited range, with a partial substitution of Ca by Mg ", and Al by 8i", Fe, or Ti" (8u et al., 1992). The clinker has a high porosity, with a liter weight of 650-850 g/L, and is easy to grind. 

Well-burned clinker with a high VW, volume weight, is difficult in coarse grinding (getting it to pass the 1-2 mm sieve), but soft in fine grinding (<88 microns). VW is the weight of clinker nodules, 5-10 mm diameter, in a liter container. Opti mum VW is approximately 1.35 kg/L. 

Clinker weight (liter) Varies as a function of total porosity (Gille and others, 1965)... 

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