Cladosporium fulvum

Two examples have been chosen for discussion, i.e. the interactions of tomato with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and with Cladosporium fulvum, a bacterial and a fungal pathogen, respectively. These two plant pathogen interactions are among the few that have been characterized not only in genetic terms but also at the molecular and biochemical levels and they are thus well suited for a discussion of the fundamental principles. 

The interaction of tomato with the leaf mould fungus Cladosporium fulvum is a typical gene-for-gene relationship. The development of... 

Wit, P.J.G.M. de Bakker, J. (1980) Differential Changes in Soluble Tomato Leaf Proteins After Inoculation With Virulent and Avirulent Races of Cladosporium fulvum (syn. Fulvia fulva). Physiological Plant Pathology 17, 121-130. 

C. aphidicola. Other metabolites with a ten-membered lactone ring include the decarestrictins (4.76) from PenicUlium species such as P. simplicissimum and putaminoxin (4.77), which is a phytotoxic metabolite of Phoma putamimm. Recifeiolide (4.78) from C. recifei is a hexaketide with a 12-membered ring. Cladospolide A (4.79), also with a 12-membered ring, is a phytotoxic metabolite of Cladosporium fulvum. The decarestrictins affect cholesterol biosynthesis whilst the diplodialides were found to be steroid 11-hydroxylase inhibitors. Biosynthetic experiments with [ C]-labelled acetate established that the decarestrictins were polyketides. 

H. A. van den Burg, N. Westerink, K. J. Francoijs, R. Roth, E. Woestenenk, S. Boeren, P. J. de Wit, M. H. Joosten, and J. Vervoort, Natural disulfide bond-disrupted mutants of AVR4 of the tomato pathogen Cladosporium fulvum are sensitive to proteolysis, circumvent Cf-4-mediated resistance, but retain their chitin binding ability, J. Biol. Chem., 278 (2003) 27340-27346. 

HammondKosack, K.E. et al. (1996) Race-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum induce changes in cell morphology and the synthesis of ethylene and salicylic acid in tomato plants carrying the corresponding Cf disease resistance gene. Plant Physiol. 110, 1381-1394... 

De Wit, P.J.G.M. and Kodde, E. (1981) Induction of polyacetylenic phytoalexins in Lycopersicon esculenium after inoculation with Cladosporium fulvum (syn. Fulviafulva). Physiol Plant Pathol, 18, 143-148. 

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