Clad transition metal systems

Clad transition metal systems provide an interface between two incompatible metals. They not only reduce galvanic corrosion where dissimilar metals are joined, but they also allow welding techniques to be used when direct joining is not possible. Qad metals provide an ideal solution to the materials problem of dual environments. For example, in the application of small battery cans and caps, copper-clad, stainless steel-clad nickel (Cu/SS/Ni) is used where the external nickel layer provides atmospheric corrosion resistance and low contact resistance. The copper layer on the inside provides the electrode contact surface as well as compatible cell chemistry. The stainless steel layer provides strength and resistance to perforation corrosion. 

Noble metal clad systems Corrosion barrier systems Sacrificial metal systems Transition metal systems... 

Materials systems are used quite widely on automobiles for corrosion protection. For example, clad metals are commonly used in applications such as exterior trim and bumpers (stainless steel clad aluminum), windshield wiper socket (copper/steel/bronze), transition materials to join aluminum to steel (aluminum clad steel), and hydraulic brake line tubing (steel/SS/steel) [37]. A wide range of metallic coatings are produced by spraying, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, electrodeposition, and electroless deposition [23-25]. 

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