Civilization biorefineries bioresources

Civilization Biorefineries Efficient Utilization of Residue-Based Bioresources... 

Since fossil raw materials are becoming scarce, biogenic residues are more and more not only a topic of disposal but also of utilization. A civilization biorefinery defines a system for the fullest possible and efficient utilization of such bioresources for energetic and substantial application purposes. The civilization biorefinery is still a vision today, but examples exist, which demonstrate their potential and steps into realization Section 4.3. ... 

Note Not all plants can be considered as a primary bioresource. Examples are plants from parks and gardens which have primarily a recreational function.They are assigned to secondary or tertiary bioresources (Chapter 7, Section 2.2.3 and Section 2.2.4).The primeval forest plants are not primary bioresources either, because they are not grown for an application-oriented purpose. The same is true for wild living and pet animals. Primary bioresources are not considered as substrates for civilization biorefineries, but for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd generation biorefineries. However, processing of primary bioresources should be closely connected within the system of a civilization biorefinery. 

Knowledge on the local bioresources is a precondition to establish civilization biorefinery networks. Gathering and documenting comprehensive and reliable information within the bioresource inventory is a big challenge. Region-specific evaluations have to consider regarding types, amounts, properties, and pathways of local bioresources (e.g.. Chapter 7, Section 4.3.2). 

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