Citrin

Lee P A, Citrin P H, Eisenberger P and Kincaid B M 1981 Extended x-ray absorption fine structure—its strengths and limitations as a structural tool Rev. Mod. Rhys. 53 769-806... 

Quartz. When colorless, quart2 [14808-60-7] is also known as rock crystal. When irradiated, it becomes smoky from a color center associated with a ubiquitous Al impurity at about the 0.01% level. The name citrine [14832-92-9] is used when quart2 is colored by Fe, and irradiation of this can produce the purple-colored amethyst [14832-91-8] under certain circumstances (2). Although not signiftcandy lower priced than the natural materials, synthetic citrine and amethyst ate used in jewelry because of the abiUty to provide matched sets of stones from large, up to 7-kg, hydrothermaHy grown crystals. 

The Fe(III)0 4 hole color center gives the purple color. On being heated, the trapped electron is released and the reverse of reaction 2 occurs producing Fe(III)0 4, which provides the pale yellow color of citrine. 

R H. Citrin. J. Phys. Coll. C8,437,1986. Reviews all SEXAFS work up to 1986, with personal comments by the author. 

P. Eisenberger, P. Citrin, R. Hewitt, B. Kincaid, CRC Critieal Reviews in Solid State and Materials Seienee 10(2) (1981) 191-207. 

Barstow B, Ando N, Kim CU, Gruner SM (2008) Alteration of citrine structure by hydrostatic pressure explains the accompanying spectral shift. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105 13362-13366... 

Fig. 5.1. Ribbon diagram of a fluorescent protein (citrine, PDB entry 1HUI) crystal structure. The chromophore is buried in the protein s interior and shown in balls and sticks representation.

Palmieri, L., Pardo, B., del Arco, A. etal. Citrin and aralarl are Ca2+-stimulated aspartate/glutamate transporters in mitochondria. EMBO J. 20 5060-5069, 2001. 

Del Arco, A., Morcillo, J., Martinez-Morales, J. R. etal. Expression of the aspartate/glutamate mitochondrial carriers aralarl and citrin during development and in adult rat tissues. Eur. J. Biochem. 269 3313-3320, 2002. 

Citric acid activity (CAA) test, 15 405 Citric acid cycle, 6 632-633 Citrine, color, 7 337 Citrogypsum, 4 593 Citronella, 24 504 Citronellal, 3 232 24 532-533 hydration to hydroxycitronellal,... 

See the sphere become citrine, olive, russet, and indigo in color. For the remainder of the meditation period, rest in the vitalizing power of the Divine Lights of Emanation. Close with the Qabalistic Cross.]... 

Hod Yellow-brown flecked with white-dancing-motes Yesod Citrine flecked with azuredancing-motes... 

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