Cigarettes, invention

The best billiard balls were made from elephant tusks, which are beautiful and have good bounce. Ivory was also used for combs, buttons, collar stays for shirts, cigarette holders, chess pieces, and many other ornamental articles. Ivory is obtained by hunting and killing elephants to extract their teeth, which is especially valuable from old and mature males. The extinction of elephants was avoided when John Wesley invented celluloid by combining nitrocellulose with camphor. 

Self-Igniting Cigarette is a lighter based on the idea incorporated in the device loco-foco or "self-lighting segars" invented in 1835-Since then many improvements of this device were proposed, of which a recent one is that of F. DeCapitani, USP 3262456(1966) CA 65, 13452(1966). These devices are briefly discussed in Ref 57, pp 71-2... 

With the end of the Gvil War, the importance of hemp as a commercial crop declined. Emancipation of the slaves cut into the number of laborers harvesting hemp. More importantly, the invention of the cotton gin gave cotton a decided economic advantage over hemp and flax. The development of cheap wood pulp reduced the need for hemp as a source of paper, although it was still used in the manufacture of cigarette papers, money and Bibles. 

One difficulty which appears to remain to this day is the commercialisation of molecularly imprinted polymers. Although no molecularly imprinted silica product ever reached the market, at least two patents, apparently on molecular imprinting [27], were held by the group of Patrikeev [62,63]. That some commercial interest existed is also confirmed by the fact that Merck patented a nicotine filter invented by Erlenmeyer [64], consisting of nicotine imprinted silica, able to adsorb 10.7% more nicotine than non-imprinted silica. The material was intended for use in cigarette filters. 

The discovery of the ECD dates back to a sensitive anemometer based on ions generated from a radioactive source made from radium extracted from the luminous dials of discarded aircraft instruments. This device was very sensitive but its response was perturbed by cigarette smoke. This was a drawback in the device and to discover its source, other compounds, such as halocarbons were tested. However, in 1948, this was something to merely note for the future. Looking back I realized that the key to invention is need. We did not at that time need a device to detect low levels of chloro-fluorocarbons and so the electron capture detector was in a sense prematurely invented. [2]... 

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