Chromium liver content

The chromium content in major organs of mice receiving drinking water that provided doses of 4.8, 6.1, or 12.3 mg chromium(III)/kg/day as chromium trichloride or 4.4, 5.0, or 14.2 mg chromium(VI)/kg/day as potassium dichromate was determined after 1 year of exposure. Chromium was detected only in the liver in the chromium(III)-treated mice. Mice treated with chromium(VI) compounds had accumulation in all organs, with the highest levels reported in liver and spleen. Liver accumulation of chromium was... 

The chromium content of the liver amounts to 1 pmol/ kg BW, which corresponds to 1% of the body s total quantity of ca. 100 pmol. Chromium is bound to transferrin and a-globulin for transport in the blood. (65)... 

A brewer s yeast certified specifically for chromium content at 2.12 0.05 ug/g (SRM 1569) also became available in 1976. Bovine liver SRM certified at 0.088 ug chromium/g is now also available. 

Calcium chromate has been shown to induce cytoplasmic petite mutations in mitochondria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae K Calcium chromate also dramatically depressed the content of the mitochondrial gene products cytochrome aa3 and cytochrome b, in whole yeast cells. Chromate ( 8 nM) was readily taken up by rat thymocytes and after 30 min 9% of the Cr was found in the mitochondria although 62% was found in the nuclei . Isolated rat thymus mitochondria and nuclei readily took up CrOj . After one hour incubation of Erlich ascites tumor cells with CrOj (380 /nuclear fraction and 12% was in the mitochondrial-microsomal fraction. Levels of chromium in rat liver mitochondria reached a plateau six hours after i.v. injection of chromate (0.02 mg/kg) and remained at that level through 5 days. Liver nuclear chromium levels in the same animals, although similar to mitochondrial levels at 6 h, reached a maximum at 12 h and steadily decreased after that time. Therefore the nuclear chromium levels were lower than the mitochondrial chromium levels at later times (24-120 h) after injection. The subcellular distribution of chromium in the liver of rats injected i.v. with chromate (0.56 mg/kg) was also found to be time dependent in another study. The distribution of chromium in rat liver mitochondria increased from 5% at 15 min to 21% at 72 h and also increased in the nuclear fraction from 22% at 15 min to 52% at 72 h. Incubation of isolated rat liver mitochondria with chromate (0.3-16.6 electron transport chain of the mitochondrial iner membrane. 

Pregnancy—The unborn child draws chromium from its mother, as evidenced by the fact that the hair of newborn infants contains about 21/2 times the level of chromium as the hair of their mothers. There is evidence that chromium content of hair may be a good indicator of the chromium present in other tissues such as the liver. Furthermore, the levels of chromium in the hair of women who had borne children were found to be much lower than those in women who were childless. Hence, it appears that pregnant women may not consume enough readily available chromium to meet both their own needs and those of their unborn children. Perhaps, chromium deficiency is responsible for some of the cases of diabetes in women which appear to have been brought on by pregnancy. 

Chromium—Chromium, which htis a number of important functions in the human body, is widely distributed in animal tissues and in animal products. In the section on Chromium, Table C-16, of this book, the chromium content of the following foods of animal origin, in mcgfl 00 g is reported dried liver, 170 egg, 52 cheese, 51 fresh liver, 50 and beef, 32. 

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