Chromatography solute movement theory

Explain the meaning of each term in the development of the solute movement equations and use this theory for both linear and nonlinear isotherms to predict the oudet concentration and temperature profiles for a variety of different operations including elution chromatography, adsorption with thermal regeneration, PSA, SMB, and ion exchange... 

This is the most direct and simple theory of chromatography. The transport of the solute down the column will depend upon the distribution constant (partition coefficient), K, and the ratio of the amounts of the two phases in the column. Band (zone) shape does not change during this movement through the column. The system could be visualized as illustrated in Figures 1.10, 1.11. 

The movement of the solute, relative to the phase system, can be understood by considering the distribution system. If the micelle electrolyte system is treated as a chromatography distribution system with the micelles stationary, and the mobile phase moving at an electrosmotic velocity of (u), then from chromatography theory, the velocity of the solute relative to the micelles (v) will be given by ... 

Theories of paper chromatography are controversial (173,261-272) and, like that of its adsorption counterpart, they are incomplete in that no theory of this intricate process takes into account all known factors. Martin and Synge (174) drew a parallelism with fractional distillation and introduced the theoretical plate concept to chromatography. The rate of movement of a substance on a paper chromatogram may be defined by its R/ value (71), which is the ratio of the distance moved by the substance to that moved by the solvent front measured from the point of application of the substance. This value remains fairly constant for any one compound under given conditions of temperature, solvent composition, solute concentraticm, pH, and paper, but it cannot be relied upon for purposes of identification (24,70,71, 159). 

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