Chromatography fractionation

Lipoproteins (from human plasma). Individual human plasma lipid peaks were removed from plasma by ultracentrifugation, then separated and purified by agarose-column chromatography. Fractions were characterised immunologically, chemically, electrophoretically and by electron microscopy. [Rudel et al. Biochem J 13 89 1974.]... 

A series of papers by Merz and Riedel describe work designed to compare radiochemical behaviour following n,y n,p E.C. and p decay. Gallium isotopes are produced in most of the cases studied, but isotopes of Sn, Pb, Ge and Sb were also involved. Unfortunately, the various chromatography fractions were not well identified, so that it is not easy to draw definite conclusions from this work. Nevertheless, several things do appear to be clear. Some interesting data are presented in Table 5, comparing the effects of electron capture, neutron capture, and the (n,p) reaction. 

Figure 3. Size-exclusion chromatography on Biogel P4 of fraction IPN obtained after anion-exchange chromatography. Fractions (2.5 ml each) were pooled as indicated. — - neutral sugars, — uronic acid. Fractions 1, 2, 3. .. were named later as fractions IPN 1, IPN 2, IPN 3. .. respectively.

In order to reduce the time-consuming open-column chromatographic processes, conventional methods of hydrocarbon-group-type separation have been replaced by MPLC and HPLC. Flash column chromatography is a technique less commonly applied than open-column version, but several applications have been described [2,24—27]. The common technique version is to use a silica-gel-filled column for example, 230 to 400 mesh 20 X 1 cm column size with a back pressure of 1.5 X 10 Pa of an ambient gas such as nitrogen. Solvents are similar to the ones apphed in the case of open-column chromatography fractionations. 

Dai, Y. Li, L. Roser, D. C. Long, S. R. Detection and identification of low-mass peptides and proteins from solvent suspensions of Escherichia coli by high performance liquid chromatography fractionation and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Rapid Comm. Mass Spectrom. 1999,13,73-78. 

Fio. 1. Fraction of human serum liigh-density lipoprotein apoprotein (apo HDD, scheme 1. As in scheme 2, the method makes use of the combination of gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. Fraction IV is obtained in its dimer form. 

The product phosphonate decomposes to diethylphosphonoacetone above 50°C, and care must be taken during the distillation and concentration of chromatography fractions that heating baths do not exceed this temperature. 

Kamens, R., D. Bell, A. Dietrich, J. Perry, R. Goodman, L. Claxton, and S. Tejada, Mutagenic Transformation of Dilute Wood Smoke Systems in the Presence of Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide. Analysis of Selected High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography Fractions from Wood Smoke Particle Extracts, Environ. Sci. Technol., 19, 63-69 (1985). 

Tong, H. Y., and F. W. Karasek, Quantitation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Diesel Exhaust Particulate Matter by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fractionation and High-Resolution Gas Chromatography, Anal. Chem., 56, 2129-2134(1984). 

Figure 20. Comparison of molecular weight distributions of Butarez CTL blend H by solvent precipitation and gel chromatography fractionation (molecular weight by intrinsic viscosity)...

Identification of Novel Leads by High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography Fractionation... 

Notes. (1) Warming the suspended solid in the solvent may be necessary by removing the porridge to a suitable flask and heating under reflux. Care must be taken if such is the case to supervise this operation carefully as there may be considerable tendency towards bumping . It should also be borne in mind that this batch-extraction process uses open-type vessels and usually large volumes of solvents precautions must therefore be taken in relation to the possible fire and toxic hazards involved in the use of a particular solvent. (2) As a first step, this procedure would involve solvent extraction procedures to divide the multicomponent mixture into acidic, basic and neutral fractions (see above). Subsequently chromatography, fractional crystallisation, etc., would be employed as appropriate. 

The enzyme-labeled antibody can be evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immobilize the appropriate antigen on the wells of a microtiter plate or strip (at a concentration of 2-10 ]Xg/ mL), incubate various dilutions of the conjugate for a few hours, wash the wells, add substrate, and measure the amount of product formed (see Chapter 15). This approach may also be used for monitoring conjugate purification in chromatography fractions. 

Lombardi, A. T., and Jardim, W. F. (1999). Fluorescence spectroscopy of high performance liquid chromatography fractionated marine and terrestrial organic materials. Water Res. 33, 512-520. 

Pershina (Perminova), I. V., Vermool, V. M., Polenova,T. V., and Ivanova, E. K. (1989). Study of molecular weight distribution and spectral parameters of the fulvic acids of natural water origin. I. Gel-permeation chromatography fractionation of fulvic acids. Bulletin of Moscow University [Vestnik MGU], Series 2 (Chemistry) 30,176-182. 

Fig. 1. SP Sepharose FF cation exchange chromatography. Fractions collected from a SP Sepharose FF column were resolved in a 15-25% gradient sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) gel and stained with Coomassie blue.

Guadalupe Z, Soldevilla A, Saenz-Navajas MP and Ayestaran B, Analysis of polymeric phenolics in red wines using different techniques combined with gel permeation chromatography fractionation. J Chromatogr A 1112 112-120 (2006). 

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