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Direct-acting cholinomimetics

The answer is a. (Hardman, pp 146—147, 167.) When applied topically to the eye, both the direct-acting cholinomimetic agents (e g., pilo-... [Pg.187]

B. Hypotension, which can be fife threatening, can be avoided by preventing the entry of directly acting cholinomimetics into the circulatory system. Bradycardia and sweating are also avoided by the same precaution, but they are less significant. Delirium is not an issue for choline esters, since they do not enter the CNS. [Pg.132]

The direct-acting cholinomimetic drugs can be divided on the basis of chemical structure into esters of choline (including acetylcholine) and alkaloids (such as muscarine and nicotine). Many of these drugs have effects on both receptors acetylcholine is typical. A few of them are highly selective for the muscarinic or for the nicotinic receptor. However, none of the clinically useful drugs is selective for receptor subtypes in either class. [Pg.130]

The most prominent pharmacologic effects of cholinesterase inhibitors are on the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems, the eye, and the skeletal muscle neuromuscular junction (as described in the Case Study). Because the primary action is to amplify the actions of endogenous acetylcholine, the effects are similar (but not always identical) to the effects of the direct-acting cholinomimetic agonists. [Pg.143]

The effects of the cholinesterase inhibitors on these organ systems, all of which are well innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system, are qualitatively quite similar to the effects of the direct-acting cholinomimetics (Table... [Pg.143]

Cholinesterase inhibitors have less marked effects on vascular smooth muscle and on blood pressure than direct-acting muscarinic agonists. This is because indirect-acting drugs can modify the tone of only those vessels that are innervated by cholinergic nerves and because the net effects on vascular tone may reflect activation of both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. The cholinomimetic effect at the smooth muscle effector tissue is minimal since few vascular beds receive cholinergic innervation. Activation of sympathetic ganglia may increase vascular resistance. [Pg.142]

Preparations Available Direct-Acting Cholinomimetics Acetylcholine (Miochol-E)... [Pg.147]

An alkaloid of natural plant origin, pilocarpine is a direct-acting cholinergic agonist with a dominant action at both peripheral and central muscarinic sites. The cholinomimetic action of pilocarpine on smooth muscle muscarinic receptors generally results in contraction.The response of intraocular smooth muscle to pilocarpine is pupillary constriction, spasm of accommodation, and reduction of lOP. [Pg.168]

Postjunctional receptors (N and M) ( in Figure II-2-1) activated by ACh are major targets for both activating drugs (direct-acting cholinomimetics) and cholinoceptor blocking agents. [Pg.46]

Table 11-2-4 summarizes the activity, properties, and clinical uses for the direct-acting cholinomimetics, and Table 11-2-5 does the same for the indirect-acting ones. [Pg.54]

Describe the pharmacodynamic differences between direct-acting and indirect-acting cholinomimetic agents. [Pg.58]

Direct-acting cholinomimetic drug One that binds and activates cholinoceptors the effects mimic those of acetylcholine... [Pg.59]

Both (A) and (C) are correct A direct-acting cholinomimetic that is lipid-soluble and often used in the treatment of glaucoma is... [Pg.65]

Which one of the following is a direct-acting cholinomimetic used for its mood-elevating action and as an insecticide ... [Pg.65]

A direct-acting cholinomimetic derived from acetylcholine that has a mainly muscarinic spectrum of action... [Pg.66]

Pilocarpine is the only direct-acting cholinomimetic on the list that is lipid-soluble and frequently used in the treatment of glaucoma. Physostigmine is also lipid-soluble and used in glaucoma, but it is indirect-acting. The answer is (D). [Pg.67]

Nicotine is a direct-acting cholinomimetic alkaloid with the properties noted. The answer is (C). [Pg.67]


See other pages where Direct-acting cholinomimetics is mentioned: [Pg.180]    [Pg.180]    [Pg.181]    [Pg.183]    [Pg.185]    [Pg.186]    [Pg.121]    [Pg.124]    [Pg.126]    [Pg.130]    [Pg.149]    [Pg.128]    [Pg.167]    [Pg.39]    [Pg.338]    [Pg.350]    [Pg.49]    [Pg.59]    [Pg.62]    [Pg.76]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.49 ]




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