Chlorpromazine fluorescence

W Caetano, M Tabak. Interaction of chlorpromazine and trifluoperazine with anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles electronic absorption and fluorescence studies. J Coll Inter Sci 225 69—81, 2000. 

Chlorpromazine reacts with 9-bromomethylacridine in acetonitrile to give a quaternary ammonium derivative, which on subsequent photolysis yields fluorescent products [136]. The fluorescence is linear over the analyte range of 0.05 to 1 pg. Lumogallion 5-chloro-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-phenylazo)-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid forms a fluorescent ion-pair complex with chlorpromazine in the presence of Al(III) which is extracted (without interference from primary or secondary amines) up to equimolar concentrations [137,138]. 

White et al. have reported a rapid fluorimetric determination of chlorpromazine by an in situ photochemical oxidation [139]. Variable-angle synchronous scanning fluorescence spectroscopy has also been applied to the determination of chlorpromazine and its sulfoxide [140]. 

Individual and simultaneous stopped-flow fluorimetric methods for the determination of chlorpromazine and perphenazine were reported, with the fluorescence being monitored at 380 ran after excitation at 340 nm [141]. The technique was used to determine chlorpromazine and perphenazine in mixture, tablet, and liquid formulations. 

A simultaneous fluorimetric determination of chlorpromazine and promethazine has been reported [143]. The method was based on the fact that in media of different pH, the photochemical conversion of chlorpromazine and promethazine into a fluorescent product varies. 

Photooxidation at 254 nm of chlorpromazine hydrochloride in 0.146 mM HCl yielded a fluorescent product suitable for emission work [144],... 

One fluorimetric method for the determination of chlorpromazine hydrochloride in bulk and in various dosage forms begins with the mixing of 0.5 mL of a 60 pg/mL solution with 1 ml of pH 7.2 buffer solution. To this is also added 1 mL of 0.2 mg/mL A/-bromosuccinimide, whereupon the mixture is diluted to 10 mL with methanol. After 30 minutes of reaction time, the fluorescence intensity is measured at 378 nm (excitation at 280 nm). The method was found to be linear over the range of 0.005 -10 pg/mL [145]. 

Lichrosoib NH2 or x Bondapak NH2 Acetoni iile-benzene-H20 (16 4 1) H2O contains 0.01% Na2S205 and 0.01% (+)-aiaboascort)ic acid. Fluorescence excit 280 nm emission 450 nm. Rapid assay of chlorpromazine and products, in pharmaceutical sample. 203... 

Chlorpromazine and many of its metabolites react with DNS-C1 to form fluorescent derivatives [135,136]. The reaction involves dansylation of the amino and/or the phenol groups of the molecules. The metabolites which form DNS derivatives are listed in Table 4.24. 

Just as in ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, derivative techniques have also been applied to the analysis of fluorescent substances in multicomponent preparations. The advantages here are reported to be the enhanced spectral resolution and amplification of signal that manifests with substances exhibiting narrower spectral bands. Derivative spectrofluorimetric techniques have been applied, for example, to the determination of chlorpromazine sulfoxide in chlorpromazine hydrochloride preparations. 

After the fiber is sprayed with the sulfuric acid spray reagent, 1 pg of chlorpromazine is immediately visible as a pink spot. Under uv radiation, 1, 3, 7, and 9 appear as bright blue fluorescent spots, and 5 remains a dark spot. After heating, 5 is pink, and 2, 3, and 9 are faint yellow, light brown, and light pink, respectively. Under uv radiation, 1 and 7 are dull blue, and 3 and 9 are bright blue. 

The internalization of BODIPY-lactosylceramide follows a route that partially overlaps with that for fluorescent SM (V. Puri, 2001). BODIPY-lactosylceramide is internalized into endosomes and subsequently can be localized to the Golgi. The endocytosis of BODIPY-lactosylceramide is inhibited by Dyn 2, nystatin, and genistein but not Eps 15, chlorpromazine, or K+ depletion. These results indicate that the fluorescent lactosylceramide... 

Brinkman, U.A.T. Welling, P.L.M. De Vries, G. Scholten, A.H.M.T. Frei, R.W. Liquid chromatography of demoxepam and phenothiazines using a post-column photochemical reactor and fluorescence detection. J.Chromatogr., 1981, 217, 463-471 [post-column reaction fluorescence detection also demoxepam, chlorpromazine, methotrimeprazine, nedaltran]... 

The results obtained for the vast majority of the laboratories carrying out the ISO 15061 IC method were considered to be fit for the purpose. In addition to this method, five alternative methods suitable for trace bromate determinations were also considered, namely on-line IC-ICP-MS, simple on-line column chromatography ICP-MS, IC with chlorpromazine post-column reaction and colorimetric detection, and fluorescence quenching with Carbostyril (with pre-treatment), which are all capable of achieving a bromate detection limit below 1 xg/L. A field method with methylene blue and fluorescence quenching with Carbostyril without sample pretreatment did not lead to satisfactory results at this level of bromate concentrations. 

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