Chlorofluorocarbons development

The introduction of the chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) fluids in the early 1930s marked the incepuon of the halofluorocarbon industry. Both in terms of tonnage produced and product value, the CFCs have dominated the organofluorocarbon industry and have provided the feedstocks for the development of other fluorocarbon products such as poly(tetrafluoroethylene). 

In this penod of mtense development cloaked in industrial secrecy, not all manufacturers have declared the routes they chose for their mitial production plants Preferred long-term processes are even less clear In some cases, the technologies that sufficed for the production of chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocar-bons would be pushed to theu limits as processes for the replacements For example... 

Experience with chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), insecticides such as DDT, herbicides and fertilizers has taught us that extended stability of these products may lead to unexpected harmfiil results. An important challenge will be to develop novel products that have a limited stable life and then decompose so that they do not persist in this environment. Examples are the development of plastic packages that decompose and degrade with time and of agricultural chemicals that do not harm unintended targets and are not overly persistent. 

Hydrofluorocarbon-134a or 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) has been developed as a replacement for fully halogenated chlorofluorocarbons because, compared with chlorofluorocarbons, its residence time in the atmo... 

Compressed-air energy storage Corporate average fuel economy California Air Resources Board Coal-bed methane Combined cycle gas turbine Carbon/carbon dioxide capture and storage Clean development mechanism Chlorofluorocarbon Computable general equilibrium Compressed gaseous hydrogen Combined heat and power... 

With respect to the formulations used in MDIs, the development over recent years has focused on the replacement of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) propellants by hydrofluoroalkane propellants. Recently, new developments have been reviewed in a number of papers [50-52]. 

Ross DL, Gabrio BJ. Advances in metered dose inhaler technology with the development of a chlorofluorocarbon-free drug delivery system. J Aerosol Med 1999 12(3) 151-160. 

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