Chlorine group 17 element

Rhodium is recovered from platinum and other ores by refining and purification processes that start by dissolving the other platinum group metals and related impurities with strong acids that do not affect the rhodium itself Any remaining platinum group elements are removed by oxidation and bathing the mixture in chlorine and ammonia. 

The two examples in Table 4 of chlorine bridges of this type for main-group elements are highly asymmetric,19,20 with the chlorine atoms strongly associated with the anions. However, the two examples involving transition elements21,22 are more symmetric, and an ionic formulation is inappropriate. 

Tellurium tetrachloride 16 was widely used in the past to introduce tellurium into organic substrates. It reacts with several functional groups giving organotellurium trichlorides 5 (X = C1), which constitute an important class of tellurium electrophiles. Tellurium tetrachloride 16 is prepared by passing a stream of dry chlorine over elemental tellurium in an appropriate glass apparatus (Equation (3)). 

Perry, B.J., Van Loon, J.C., Speller, D.V. Dry-chlorination inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometric method for the determination of platinum group elements in rocks. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 7, 883-888 (1992)... 

Mendeleev s table grouped elements with similar properties into vertical columns. For example, he placed the elements highlighted in red in the table—fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine—into the column that he labeled VII. ... 

In the oxidation process, oxygen and chlorine, the positive product is in the Group oxidation number, for the Main Group elements whereas for the reduction process, the negative product is 8 — GON, where the... 

A similar Cl-bridged dimeric structure was established by X-ray analysis for Ph2SbCl3/ Pentaphenylantimony, SbPhj (mp 171°), has attracted much attention as the first known example of a 10-valence-electron molecule of a main group element that has a square pyramidal structure rather than the usual trigonal bipyramidal structure (as found in PPh and AsPhs). BiPhj is now also known to have a square pyramidal structure (see below) as does the anion InClj (p. 238). SbPhs can conveniently be prepared as colourless crystals from SbPhj by chlorination to give PhaSbClj and... 

Boudreau AE (1993) Chlorine as an exploration guide for the platinum-group elements in layered intrusions. J Geochem Explor 48 21-37... 

The answer is C. This question can be answered on the basis of trivial knowledge. Oxygen, nitrogen, and chlorine are diatomic gases. Neon is a noble gas (zero group element) which is stable on its own. 

The Xe-0 bond distance in the tetraoxide, 174 pm, or 15 pm shorter than the mean Xe-F bond distance in XeFe, is consistent with a description in terms of double Xe=0 bonds. So is the tetrahedral coordination geometry. In the next and final chapter we shall describe and discuss the structures of oxides of some other main group elements, viz. carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine. 

Notice that, except for helium, the number of valence electrons for any main-group element is equal to the group number of its column. For example, we can tell that chlorine has 7 valence electrons because it is in the column with group number 7A. The row number in the periodic table is equal to the number of the highest principal shell (n value). For example, since chlorine is in row 3, its highest principal shell is the n = 3 shell. 

Among the main-group elements (A groups), the A number equals the number of outer electrons (those with the highest ) thus, chlorine (Cl Group 7A) has 7 outer electrons, and so forth. 

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