Group Oxidation Numbers

This chapter shows the connection between the one-electron orbital configuration of the elements and their positions in the Periodic Table and their characteristic or group oxidation numbers, their variable valances and their abilities to form ionic and covalent bonds in simple molecules. 

The simple origin of the Characteristic or Group oxidation numbers described above suggests that it only applies to simple anions and cations involving ionic bonding as in, for example, NaCl, Na Cl, ... 

Figure 4.2 Group oxidation numbers (Groups IV- VIII)...

In the oxidation process, oxygen and chlorine, the positive product is in the Group oxidation number, for the Main Group elements whereas for the reduction process, the negative product is 8 — GON, where the... 

ChemProp Group Oxidation Number - Inert Gas Core - 8-electron configuration - V-type Diagrams - Group Oxidation State - Variable Valence. Ligands - [M(OH2)6] - Oxyanions. 

This is particularly apparent in the sections on introductory inorganic chemistry, where the underlying electron configuration of the elements of the Periodic Table not only determines the Long Form of the Periodic Table, but also determines the physical properties of the elements, atom size, ionisation energies and electron affinities (electron attachment enthalpies), and the chemical properties, characteristic or group oxidation numbers, variable valence and the formation of ionic... 

Chapter 4 describes how the Chemical Properties of the Elements are related to their valence shell configuration, i.e. characteristic or group oxidation number, variable valence, ionic and covalent bonding. This chapter includes a section on the volumetric calculations used in an introductory inorganic practical course, including the calculation of the stoichiometry factors for chemical reactions. 

E14.il (a) +4 is the most stable oxidation state for the lighter elements, but +2 is the most stable oxidation state for Pb, the heaviest element in Oroup 14. Recall from Section 9.5 that the inert-pair effect is the relative stability of an oxidation state in which the oxidation number is 2 less than the group oxidation number. Pb therefore displays the inert-pair effect. 

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